Multicultural Education Characteristics And Goals

As James A. Banks describes in his book Multicultural Education: Characteristics and Goals, multicultural education is the idea behind creating equal educational opportunities for all students, independently of their race, ethnicity, or social-class. It is an important influencing factor of the school environment that reflects the diverse cultural groups of its community. Multicultural education is also the process teachers and administrators follow in order to achieve the ideal of equal education opportunities (1997). Introduction to Diversity for Educators is an essential course for teachers. The course contents encourage us, future educators, to look inward and examine our personal biases, which, if done honestly, will positively influence our teaching and our future students’ outcome. I found the textbook, Cultural Competence: A Primer for Educators, to be engaging as well as a useful tool to keep for future reference. Although its content may seem to rely heavily on a necdotes, it is precisely those examples and anecdotes that make the topics so much more relatable. Achieving cultural competence requires a clear understanding of the nuances of the culturally different students. Their behavior, learning styles, and motivations are influenced by their race, ethnicity, culture, and socio-economic status, so in order to better contribute to their education I need to keep in mind such nuances. Children do not come to school leaving their family support (or lackShow MoreRelatedMulticultural Approach Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesMulticultural Approach Doris McMillan ECE 405: Children Families in a Diverse Society August 29, 2010 Definitions of multicultural education vary. Some place emphasizes on the cultural characteristics of diverse groups, some emphasize social problems such as those associated with oppression, some place emphasize on political power, while others on the reallocation of economic resources. Some restrict their focus to people of color, while others include all major groups that are differentRead MoreMulticultural Education : A Truly Multicultural Mosaic1259 Words   |  6 PagesMulticultural education incorporates the idea that all students- regardless of their gender, social class, and ethnic, racial, or cultural characteristics- should have an equal opportunity to learn in school, (Banks Banks, 2010, p. 3.) For centuries our country, the United States of America, has been known as the â€Å"melting pot† in a sense that our world was moving towards multiculturalism. Some see the old metaphor, the â€Å"melting pot† fading away within the last decade and has grown in to a new term(s)Read MoreMulticultural Competence Of School Psychologists1031 Words   |  5 PagesMulticultural Competence of School Psychologists For more than two decades, school psychology has known about the necessity for, and importance of, developing multicultural competence (Fouad Arrendondo, 2007). From research, ethics, and practice standards, school psychologists and other school personnel have been aware that an effective school professional is multiculturally competent and able to make sense of students’ sociocultural, socioracial, and sociopolitical backgrounds thatRead MoreMulticultural Education Should Promote Cultural Consciousness, Empower Intercultural Awareness931 Words   |  4 Pagesprograms, with the goal of social justice agenda as a result. It is important to mention that the community immersion experiences are and important companion for the multicultural education classes ( Sleeter, 2001). Multicultural education should aim to creating a safe and a productive full access learning experience for all students equally with no consideration for race, color and background, Increasing awareness of global issues. It should enhance cultural consciousness, empower interculturalRead MoreEducating Through A Multicultural Perspective Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesEducating Through a Multicultural Perspective What the Research Says? Defining Multicultural Education The United States serves as a culturally rich country who opens its arms to individuals from many different ethnicities, backgrounds, and life experiences. It seeks to be the melting pot of a blended group of people, providing opportunity and equity for all. Consequently, our educational system is the cornerstone for providing equal opportunity for all persons. Therefore, as the United States continuesRead MoreCulturally Appropriate Counseling Practices And Advocacy766 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the counselor understands the client’s cultural characteristics, and is always in a continual process of self-reflection of their own socio-cultural beliefs and biases. This paper will discuss how generic counseling through the lens of culture, class and language and the how Native Americans/First Nations differ when using these same markers. This paper will also discuss the implications of Native Americans/First Nations cultural characteristics on counseling methods and advocacy. Cultural AspectsRead MoreMulticulturalism, Cultural, And Cultural Culture810 Words   |  4 Pagesbeliefs, behaviors, and values by a human group. Race. Race relates to the physical characteristics of a person. World View. World view is based a person’s view of an person or society and their point of view. Cultural Pluralism. Cultural pluralism is where micro groups exist in the larger group or society they are a part of. They maintain their unique identities. Cultural Deficit. In education, a cultural deficit refers to a model where others view students that were minority or poorRead MoreMulticultural Conflict Can Have A Positive Or Negative Effect On Interpersonal Relations1610 Words   |  7 PagesDifferent cultural groups can also include nationalities, ethnicities, religions, sexual orientation, and gender. It is through being indifferent that often people with various multicultural differences may begin to experience conflict, as many people continue about their day-to-day activities without regard to the multicultural diversities around them. Intolerance, of course, leads to acts of hate being committed against those who may be seen as â€Å"different† or â€Å"dissident† towards another’s way of lifeRead MoreAn Evaluation of the Concept of Multiculturalism and Its Influence on Curriculum Development1147 Words   |  5 Pagesinclude; The differences in the family lifestyles The differences in the community lifestyles The ignorance of the general American culture as well as The development of the peaceful relations between people as noted by Taba et al (1952). The multicultural sensitive programs are aimed at teaching the children in public schools on how to appreciate each others opinion and views as well as how to hand conflict without the need of resorting to the illegal use of violence. The equality agenda is indicatedRead MoreCharacteristics And Efficacy Of Adlerian Therapy Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesCharacteristics and Efficacy Adlerian therapy was founded by Alfred Adler, a physician turned psychotherapist. Adlerian therapy was originally called individual psychology (n.d. , Adler University). Adlerian therapy or individual psychology principles are based on the client being looked at â€Å"holistically, as a unified personality, or ‘individual’†, how a client’s â€Å"social environment† influenced â€Å"personality development†, how a client’s choices influence their lives rather than how their past effect

What Does It Mean You Be A Hum Constantly Changing Definition

What Does it Mean to be a Human: Constantly Changing Definition There has been an ongoing debate within psychology circles as to what makes greater impact on a person’s behavior – one’s genetics and inheritance or upbringing and surrounding. There are numerous proponents on both sides. It is a conventional wisdom for everybody that certain physical characteristics are predetermined before we are born as they come from genetics: color of the eyes, hair, body structure, color of skin etc. Each person has its own unique genetic code. This fact has led many scientists to think that a set pf psychological characteristics are predetermined too. For example, mental abilities, behavioral patterns, speed of speech etc. This is a so-called†¦show more content†¦It suggests that at birth a human’s mind is tabula rasa (a blank slate). Through experience and environment this slate fills in with behavioral patterns and attitudes (McLeod). The way a person is brought up governs the way he or she learns and matures in the future and shapes its behavioral differences from other people. Between biological and behavioral approaches to understanding a person there are many other approaches that are not that radical in their explanations as to why one people behave differently from others. Freud’s theory, for example, is that all people are governed by innate drive of sex and aggression (nature). However, the way they externalize it depends on social upbringing and environment (nurture). As opposed to Freud’s approach, social learning theory says that aggression is learnt from the environment through observation and imitation and is not inherited (Davies). Another debate was provoked by American psychologist Arthur Jensen that argued that 80% of intellectual abilities of a person come from his or her genes. He made this assumption after conducting an experiment were he evaluate IQ of African race against Caucasians and identified that the former had significantly lower IQ points. For many environmentalists, however, such drastic differences in IQ testing are due to socially biased methods of testing (McLeod). Moreover, it only proves that society is very important in enhancing or decreasing intellectual abilities as the majority

Magnanimous Pharash Free Essays

The Magnanimous Pharaoh Forever Lives in Me On the morning I was making plans for my summer break, I got a package from home in about a 6 inch 4 mail box. I ran to my room in excitement to unwrap my new gift. Surprisingly, I saw a blue and white hardcover textbook. We will write a custom essay sample on Magnanimous Pharash or any similar topic only for you Order Now I sighed in disappointment it was the Kaplan textbook I had to study for my SAT exams. At night, when I was about starting to read I was so uninterested and disturbed that I started flipping through pages. Not long after, I felt dizzy and went to bed. That night, I had a dream, I saw myself in a completely new lifestyle, attitude, behavior and most of my rinds had same transformation as mine. I wonder how this rarely believed dream came true and made me a wonderful young man I am. Every morning in my brick hostel, in my clean and small room at the four walls of Immaculate High School on the outskirt of Kirkwood in Lagos, Nigeria. Before I hear the six loud bells of the tower when the sun ray penetrates my window, there’s a knock on my door. I hear a shrill and high pitched voice say, Get up! Get up! A slender man in his daily stripped khaki pants with a glass of cold water stands tall over me. I suspect the glass of water could e used to drench my shirt rather than quench my thirst if I fail to wake. This is Pharaoh, 45 years old, house helper, sweeper, caretaker, and the only person to know where I keep my letters from my girlfriend. He was Just a man all students believed was either a high school dropout or a douche that had no word of encouragement or could be of influence and importance. He is like a precise robot programmed to keep my life and that of the other seventy other boys in my boarding house in order. For five years, I saw him every day cleaning and washing. It is a mystery to me how someone who lives such a mundane life sill greets me with a flash f his 31 teeth overtime I cross his path. Growing up, I never felt respect and I was not ready to give it back, my disregard about life didn’t make me see the exigency of being a benevolence to people and life my tender mind was only bothered about the positive aspects of life having fun, hanging out with friend, play video games, and surfing the internet were my priorities. I was not ready to be pestered by the negativity of life all I wanted was pleasure, I felt no remorse about being rude and disobedient I thought money could solve every difficulty and problem. I ponder recurrently to know what the cause is. Was it my parents? Should I have not be nurtured as a rich kid while growing, or was I influenced by school mates. I thought of all this in my early teenage years. I wonder how a minor incident could be of transformation and totally put a stop to my way of living in my early teenage years. Few months before spring break, I had a terrible night tossing and turning before my SAT exam. Words swam in my head as I pondered the difference between allusion, illusion, and elision. The next morning Pharaoh looked more tense than surprised to see me awake. He asked me much like my mother would, â€Å"What happened? Why do you look so worried? Has the sun risen from the West? On filling him on my war with words, he smiled and assured all would be fine. It was the first time I heard him speak, and it was a revelation. I didn’t realize that this man was more than Just a â€Å"come and go’ machine. The fact that he empathetic with me like my mother convinced me that he was going to influence my life for the better and make great amends to my way of living. That afternoon when he came to clean my hostel room, I inserted a #100 naira note into his hand and requested him to get a packet of chips. He frowned and frowned even more. I snatched back the note and ran to the dining hall for a barely edible breakfast. I felt bad for having crossed the line. I should have respected the school rules, I wished that he would not complain about my transgression. To my astonishment, that afternoon, I saw not one but two packets of chips lying neatly on the pillow. He grimaced, displaced his 31 teeth, and walked out of the room. I was taken aback, I couldn’t believe that a man with a large family to support and a meager income to do it with had generosity to fulfill my petty temptation. Many chips later, I realized that he didn’t grudge me the chips; he was simply against taking money from me. He found Joy in giving and he had great pride in himself. Secretly, I envied him. For he had found the contentment most people spend their live chasing. I envied him because he smiled all through the day. I learned from his example, that there are some things money can’t buy. Contentment and generosity are Just two of them. Pharaoh may not be a Mahatma Gandhi or a Nelson Mandela that might have influenced a lot of people due to their reputable positions, and encouraging lifestyle, but Pharaoh lifestyle as an average living Man though he wasn’t educated, rich or popular but he was till generous with the little he had and was contented with what he had left. He was able to influence the life’s of other teenage boys in my high school dormitory through his simplicity and humility and made remarkable changes in our lives, my parents were happy to see the new me and lauded him for being a great influence to my life and that of my school mates. Pharaoh may not have the ability to do great things, but I saw the greatness to have the ability to do small things in him. How to cite Magnanimous Pharash, Papers

Themes, Motifs, and Symbols Mourning Becomes Electra Essay Sample free essay sample

Although O’Neill purportedly derived Mourning Becomes Electra from theOresteia. the myth that really structures the play’s action is overpowering that of Oedipus. Oedipus was the Theban male monarch who inadvertently killed his male parent and murdered his female parent. conveying ruin to the land. Famously Freud elaborated this myth into his Oedipus composite. the construction through which kids are conventionally introduced into the societal order and normative sexual dealingss. At the centre of this composite in what Freud defined as its positive signifier is the child’s incestuous desire for the parent of the opposite sex. a desire perchance surmounted in the class of the child’s development or else capable to repression. Its development is starkly differentiated for male childs and misss. Both begin with a primary love object. the female parent. The male child kid merely moves from the female parent upon the menace of emasculation posed by his challenger. the male parent. In other words. the male child fears that the male parent would cut his phallus off if he continues to cleaving to the female parent who truly belongs to her hubby. By forbiding incest and establishing the proper dealingss of desire within the family. the Father becomes a figure of the jurisprudence. In overcoming his Oedipal desires. the male child would so abandon his female parent as a love object and place himself with his male parent. In contrast. the miss abandons the female parent upon recognizing both the mother’s emasculation and her ain. To her discouragement. neither she nor her female parent have a phallus. She so turns to the male parent in hopes of bearing a kid by him that would replace for her missing phallus ; the miss would go a female parent in her mother’s topographic point. Therefore. whereas emasculation ends the Oedipus composite for the male child. it begins it for the miss. The Oedipal play in its many substitutions determines the class of the trilogy. Lavinia. for illustration. yearns to replace Christine as married woman to her male parent and female parent to her brother. Christine clings to Orin as that the â€Å"flesh and blood. † wholly her ain. that would do good on her emasculation. Brant. in bend. is but a replacement for her cherished boy. Orin yearns to re- set up his incestuous bond with his female parent. But the war. where he would eventually presume the Mannon name. forces him from their pre-Oedipal embracing in the first topographic point. Though titled after Electra. the prevailing brace of lovers in Mourning is the Mother-Son. Put bluffly. the male Mannons in some manner or another take their female love objects as Mother substitutes. and the adult females pose them as their boies. The Fathers of the drama. Ezra and otherwise. figure as the challenger who would interrupt this bond of love. As we will see. what is chiefly being mourned here is the loss of this love relation. this â€Å"lost island† where Mother and Son can be together. Fate. Repetition. and Substitution As Travis Bogard notes. O’Neill wrote Mourning to convert modern audiences of the continuity of Fate. Consequently. throughout the trilogy. the participants will note upon a unusual bureau driving them into their illicit love personal businesss. slayings. and treacheries. What O’Neill footings destiny is the repeat of a mythic construction of desire across the coevalss. the Oedipal play. As Orin will note to Lavinia in â€Å"The Haunted. † the Mannons have no pick but to presume the functions of Mother-Son that organize their household history. The participants continually become replacements for these two figures. a permutation made most expressed in Lavinia and Orin’s reincarnation as Christine and Ezra. In this peculiar instance. Lavinia traces the classical Oedipal flight. in which the girl. horrified by her emasculation. yearns to go the female parent and bear a kid by her male parent that would deliver her deficiency. Orin at one time figures as this kid every bit good as the hubby she would go forth to be with her boy. The Double/the Rival The assorted permutations among the participants as structured by the Oedipal play make the participants each other’s doubles. The two-base hit is besides the challenger. the participant who believes himself dispossessed convinced that his dual bases in his proper topographic point. Therefore. for illustration. Lavinia considers Christine the married woman and female parent she should be. To take another illustration. Mourning’s male participants universally vie for the desire of Mother. The Civil War. by and large remembered as a war between brothers. comes to typify this battle. The men’s competitions are murderously childish. runing harmonizing to a covetous logic of â€Å"either you go or I go. † Because in these competitions the other appears as that which stands in the self’s rightful topographic point within the Oedipal trigon. the challengers appear as doubles of each other every bit good. Orin’s incubus of his slayings in the fog allegorizes this battle. Orin repeatedly killing the same adult male. himself. and his male parent. This compulsive series of slayings demonstrates the impossibleness of the lover of all time submiting to his â€Å"rightful place† within the Oedipal triangle—Mother will ever desire another. bring forthing yet another challenger. The Law of the Father In the Oedipal myth. what tears the boy off from his incestuous embracing with the female parent is the infliction of the father’s jurisprudence. Mourning’s chief male parent. Ezra. serves as figure for this paternal jurisprudence. though more in his symbolic signifier than in his ain individual. Ezra’s symbolic signifier includes his name. the portrayal in which he wears his judge’s robes. and his ventriloquist voice. Indeed. his symbolic signifier about usurps his individual. Note how Ezra. in fearing that he has become asleep to himself. Muses that he has become the statue of a great adult male. a memorial in the town square. Ezra’s decease makes the importance of his symbolic map even more evident. With the decease of his individual. he exercises the jurisprudence with all the more force. stalking the life in his assorted symbolic signifiers. Therefore. for illustration. Christine will flinch before his portrayal. Lavinia will raise his voice and name to command Orin to attending. Motifs The Blessed Islands The phantasy of the Blessed Island recurs among the major participants as the lost Mother-Son couple disrupted by the Oedipal play. It. instead than any of their deceases. is the trilogy’s chief object of bereavement. Orin offers the most extended vision of the Blessed Island to Christine in Act II of â€Å"The Hunted. † A sanctuary from the war. the Island is a warm. peaceable. and unafraid Eden composed of the mother’s organic structure. Therefore Orin can conceive of himself with Christine without her being at that place. In footings of the trilogy’s sexual play. the Blessed Island is the kingdom of the pre-Oedipal. the clip of plenty and integrity shared by female parent and kid. However. Orin goes to war to make his responsibility as a Mannon. The Natives The Blessed Islands are besides populated. in the players’ imaginativenesss. by indigens. which entwine their phantasies of sex with those of race. By and large the native appears through two divergent images: the sexual inexperienced person and the sexually depraved. Thus. for illustration. Lavinia will remember the islands as the place of dateless kids. dancing naked on the beach and loving without wickedness. This island is the perfect place for a prelapsarian love matter. For Orin. nevertheless. the indigens display an about beastly sexual art. depriving his sister with their lewd regards. The native assumes these proportions when imagined as challengers. the art and pleasance they would apparently supply the lover going objects of enviousness. Symbols Though Mourning is prevailing with symbolism. the symbol that dominates the playing infinite is surely the Mannon house. The house is built in the manner of a Grecian temple. with white columned portico covering its grey walls. As Christine ailments in Act I of â€Å"Homecoming. † the house is the Mannons’ â€Å"whited sepulcher. † It functions non merely as crypt to the family’s dead but besides to its secrets. Its laminitis. Abe Mannon. designs it as a memorial of repression. constructing it to cover over the shame that sets this retaliation rhythm in gesture. What symbolizes this repression in bend is the house’s separating characteristic. the â€Å"incongruous white mask† of a portico concealing its ugliness. This mask doubles those of its occupants. arousing the â€Å"life-like masks† the Mannons wear as their faces.

Manipulative Paper Essay Example

Manipulative Paper Essay Manipulative Paper: Base Ten Blocks Base ten blocks are an exceptional learning tool for elementary and middle school students. They let students easily visualize addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division and offer an alternative way of viewing a problem and developing an answer. For the most part, base ten blocks can be extremely useful in the knowledge and skills portion of the TEKS. The number, operation, and quantitative reasoning section of the knowledge and skills portion of the TEKS offer countless lessons that could incorporate this hands on manipulative. Base ten blocks, like other manipulatives, allow students to physically use materials to conceptually learn our standard counting system. Children also grasp place value concepts more easily when they can touch and see the units. Most are made of wood, plastic, or foam and are easily accessible for teachers. Virtual manipulative sites have allowed students to work on base ten block activities from home and make learning math easier and more fun. As students reach fifth grade they begin to â€Å"use knowledge of the base-ten place value system to compose and decompose numbers in order to solve problems requiring precision, estimation, and reasonableness. By the end of grade 5, students know basic addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division facts, and are using them to work flexibly, efficiently and accurately with numbers during addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division computation† (TEKS). Base ten blocks are ideal in place value lessons. The fifth grade TEK (1) (A) includes place value to read, write, compare, and order whole numbers. We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Students can explore number meanings and their relationships while working with base ten blocks. They can use place value clues to build models of numbers and determine their value. Teachers can begin by modeling how many hundred blocks make a thousand by counting by one hundreds together. The teacher could continue by having students volunteer to share answers and explain their results. Teachers could also turn this activity into a game by including a dice. Each student would roll the dice to see which number would be the first digit that should be placed on the game board. The object would be to make the largest number possible. Once all students have written down where the first number should go, then another student would roll the dice, and so on until all the digits have been rolled. Fifth grade TEK (1) (B) says that students will use place value to read, write, compare, and order decimals through 999,999,999,999. One activity that teachers could use with base ten blocks would be to see the difference in the place value of a decimal and how it affects the number. Students would complete the problem using the base ten blocks. Another activity using base ten blocks would include students making connections between base ten numerals and the quantities they represent. They would investigate how many tens it takes to reach one hundred, and so on. Then, students count the largest pieces first and identify what would happen if they counted the ones, then the tens, and then the hundreds. Fifth grade TEK (3) (A) and (B) includes using addition, subtraction, and multiplication to solve problems involving whole numbers (no more than three digits times two digits without technology). Students can use the base ten blocks to model multiplication problems using a hundreds chart. They would begin by placing the desired number of blocks in the correct column according to the given problem. Then, they would simply read the total amount of blocks to calculate the answer. Fifth grade TEK (5) (C), use division to solve problems involving whole numbers, could use base ten blocks similar to a money form. The student could portray dividing an even amount of money (the base ten blocks) among their group members by breaking the blocks apart. This activity could also work using multiplication and allowing students to determine how much money they would have at the end of a given period by multiplying the amount of blocks placed on a place value chart. TEK (5) (4) would allow students to use the base ten blocks to estimate to determine reasonable results. Students could use the base ten blocks to build two, three, and four digit numbers. They could round the given numbers to the nearest ten, etc. The TEK (5) (14) (C) and (D) could be used for nearly every middle school grade. It includes selecting or developing an appropriate problem-solving plan or strategy and using tools such as real objects or manipulatives to solve problems. TEK (5) (15) can also be used universally as it includes explaining observations using objects, words, pictures, and numbers. In grades six through eight students begin building a foundation of basic understandings in number, operation, and quantitative reasoning while using algebraic thinking. Although students may still use base ten blocks in these grades, the TEKS do not easily align with useful lessons. Sixth grade TEK (1) (B) students are expected to generate equivalent forms of rational numbers including whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. Students could use the base ten blocks to investigate fraction and decimal equivalencies. In this lesson, the student would use base ten blocks and grid paper to determine the relationships between the fractions and decimals. They would compare and order the fractions and decimals to increase their understandings of the concepts. TEK (6) (2) (D) is similar to the lesson based on rounding in that students could use the base ten blocks to show estimation and round the approximate reasonable results where exact answers and not required. This activity could be assessed by having the student draw the blocks on a test or quiz. The primary focus at grade seven is using direct proportional relationships in number, geometry, measurement, and probability. TEK (7) (1) (B) converts between fractions, decimals, whole numbers, and percents mentally, on paper, or with a calculator. Students could model fractions, decimals, and percents by exploring various methods of representing fractions. They demonstrate situations that represent rational numbers. This lesson also relates to a previous one by allowing the student visually recognize the equivalency between fractions and decimals. TEK (7) (2) (C) uses models to add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers. In this lesson involving multiplication, students could use the base ten blocks to practice solving problems involving the multiplication of decimals. Using the base ten blocks, they try to find as many instances as possible of decimals that when multiplied give a specific answer. Students explain their solutions in writing and give justification for choosing the numbers they used to solve the problem. Using base ten blocks, or any manipulative for that matter, in the classroom can change the way a student thinks of both math and learning. When teachers give students different ways of viewing a problem a student’s mind grows in creativity and imagination. It is up to all future teachers to take the initiative to include manipulatives in the classroom for all students. Struggling students will greatly benefit from the use of manipulatives as they often require alternate ways of thinking conceptually. All manipulatives are great, and the use of them plus increasing technology will only make it easier for us to increase our teaching abilities.

Protecting our Individual Rights essays

Protecting our Individual Rights essays Individual rights are one of the cornerstones this country is based upon. In fact, individual rights are the foundation of any democracy, and certainly separate us from the misery of dictatorship, communism, and autocracy. However, while many citizens take individual rights for granted in our society, there are others who are intent on reducing individual rights in the name of "equality" and safety. Our individual rights are in jeopardy from a variety of sources, and protecting them, while still protecting society as a whole, should be foremost in the minds of all Individual rights are not a new notion. They were foremost in the minds of our forefathers who forged a new nation. Three Constitutional experts note, "As early as 1646 there arose in Massachusetts the demand for the 'enjoyment of our lives, libertys and estates, according to our due and natural rights, as freeborne subjects of the English nation'" (Barlow, Levy, and Masugi 169). This unquenchable need for freedom came from eras of oppression and tyranny in Great Britain, where only the uppermost echelons of society and business enjoyed the most prestige and privilege. Newly settled Americans hoped to forge a land where there were no class distinctions, and everyone could enjoy the same privileges and liberties. In fact, we constitutionalized these rights, which in effect meant the legislature could not simply legislate individual rights, they were guaranteed by the Constitution, and would need state approval to alter individual rights. These laws are also referred to as fundamental law, higher law, or paramount law (Barlow, Levy, and Masugi 170). Thus, law guarantees our individual rights, and as such, we sometimes take them Individual rights encompass many facets often overlooked in the struggle for individualism versus the good of the whole. Included in the basic rights we enjoy are the right to...

Corruption and Strip Searching Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corruption and Strip Searching - Assignment Example Testimony by former officer Rafael Perez played a pivotal role in highlighting such level of corruption and cops brutality. This incident has brought LAPD a lot of shame and ignominy. The collusion has shattered the model of police force. People have lost faith in it. It would take a lot of time to restructure the entire police department and rebuild the trust of people. Strip searching has evolved more and more as time as coagulated. The most highlighted place of strip searches is airports. Leading the group are the police officers from the anti narcotics department. They are more on the look out as carrying drugs is a serious offense. The strip searches is one of the way to catch an offender red handed. In a way it is right. Every country has certain rules and regulations and one has to abide by them. It's the culture that cannot be ignored. Dubai is one such city which is known for carrying out such strip searches. It has very strict norms to prevent to prevent the entry of drugs on its soil. But at times people have been victimised under strip searches. One such victim shared her grief "I was forced down to strip to get rid of my nipple ring which could be ignored after looking in the metal detector". The Victim has registered a case against the police official for mental and physical trauma inflicted upon her under the hood of investigation.

Research Topics in Insurance Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Topics in Insurance - Research Paper Example At the same time, it can also cover those who are bellow this specified age, but have special needs- the disabled or those suffering from the end stage renal disease. Under this scheme, one is eligible to be covered for the hospital bills under the umbrella of category ‘A’ at the same time, one can enjoy insurance coverage under part ‘B’ or be covered for the prescription of drugs under the scheme’s part ‘B’ This scheme however differs from the Medicaid programme because it mainly focuses on the elderly people at the age of 65 years and above. On the other hand, the Medicaid programme is open to any person in any age group. Similarly, the Medicare scheme solely relies on the federal government for funds while the Medicaid does not entirely depend on the federal government for funding. Part of its budget is footed by the respective semi- autonomous state governments. Medicaid insurance on the other hand relies on the federal government to offer health coverage or to provide home nursing for a specified category of people in the United States of America (US General Accountability Office, 2000). Such categories of people eligible for coverage under this noble programme are the low income earning people in the American society. They include the children, parents of eligible children, the elderly, pregnant women and the disabled who may be in a dire need for home nursing. Ideally, this programme was designed to help the categories of people to afford medical bills under the Medicaid programme, an eligible person is entitled to be wholly or partly be assisted to settle their medical bills. Generally, there are two distinct types of Medicaid- Community Medicaid and the Medicaid nursing. Community Medicaid in its part was designed to assist people who a little or no medical insurance schemes at all. However, medical nursing home scheme on the other hand, is meant for

FILM APPRECIATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

FILM APPRECIATION - Essay Example The very facets that are used to rule society are a reflection of that dominant society’s social views and behaviors. What are ruling ideas and how do they coincide with ideology? Ruling ideas like individualism, honor, competitiveness, and duality mirror the idealized perceptions of the current dominant class in any given time period. This is important because it reveals the power that that class holds over society, thus enabling a governing body to manipulate them. Marx’s definition of ideology is the idea that can be used to manipulate society. Why does Marx and Engel focus on the bourgeois class? The bourgeois class holds power, which is a subsidiary of wealth, education and exposure to a variety of elements in the real world. Their ideas are key over the lower class because they are the ones who directly or indirectly shape society the most. What is â€Å"Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses†? An essay written by Louis Althusser that depicts ideology a s a fortifying notion that encourages people to succumb to a state of oppression through their invented identify of themselves vs. who they are in reality based on â€Å"experience, consciousness, and subjectivity† (2). ... A school established in Frankfurt, Germany in 1923 whose theorists construed that cultural artifacts maintained the connection between mass culture and its realistic view on life in an industrial society. How does Walter Benjamin’s believes differ from Marx and Althusser? How has film supported his viewpoint? Benjamin says that mass culture has the ability to judge itself and they will if given the proper tools. Film creates flash images, or a rush of pictures that equate to self-analysis like reflections in sports by fans (Frankfurt 4). More members of society have access to film over high art and film makes it easier to analyze societal behavior. How is ideology applied to films like Rambo? Labels and stereotypes that ideology envelops in specific cultures can be mimicked or imitated in films. For example, Rambo (although fictional) portrays society’s real issues of sexism, racism and militarism. It acts like a mirror, like a checklist. The film represents the listed problems of society by portraying women as whores and a black man as â€Å"evil† because he combats Rambo (Reading 2-3). This is what ideology is, a reflection of the mass culture in reality. Psychoanalysis http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Independent-Film-Road- Movies/Psychoanalysis.html 10 Questions What is psychoanalysis and who founded it? Psychoanalysis is a term coined by Sigmund Freud and Josef Breuer that refers to the study of the unconscious part of the human mind. If the unconscious exists then that correlates with the fact that humans are restricted in their self-awareness. People are not in complete control of their thoughts and emotions. Dreaming is a product of the unconscious mind, but how does it relate to psychoanalysis? In what text did it first

Sichuan Province Earthquake Effects On Tourism Tourism Essay

Sichuan Province Earthquake Effects On Tourism Tourism Essay Sichuan province is located in the Sichuans plateau in the inland of Southwest China; it is commonly referred to as the land of abundance. It has an enormous territory and rich in resources and is one of the most ethnically diverse areas in China. This province has several historic and cultural sites and other natural and manmade tourist attraction sites. The attraction sites and the famous Sichuan cuisine normally characterized by hot flavor, and incomparable beauty make the province a wonderland that attracts millions of tourists from all over the world. Sichuan is also a major industrial region in China; the province has both heavy and light industries. Plans were underway of developing this region into a high tech industrial centre. A massive earthquake, the famous Wenchuan Earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale, hit western Sichuan, China in 2008. According to official figures, released 65,185 people were confirmed dead. Over 68,636 of them were from Sichuan province, approximately 374,171 of others were reported injured and scores of others missing. Millions of people were left homeless and a lot of private and public property destroyed, the economic loss incurred was approximated to be over  ¥ 1,000 billion. The earthquake extremely affected all economic sectors in the quake-hit areas and tourism was no exception. Study of the impacts of the quake on tourism enhances the hypothesis of tourism and more significantly serving as the basis for planning and policymaking. Problem statement The earthquake is believed to have killed 54 tourists in Sichuan province. During the period, over ten thousand tourists were stranded and over 30 flights and 300 vehicles used to evacuate them. The tourist industry lost over $ 7.24 billion in the earthquake. With regard to the contribution of tourism to the regions economy, there have been major reconstruction efforts after the earthquake. Destructive catastrophes, such as the Boxing Day tsunami in the Indian Ocean (2004), Hurricane Katrina (2005), the Wenchuan Earthquake (2008), the Samoan tsunami (2009), and the Haiti earthquake (2010) have lately put the limelight on natural disasters, with real time TV footage screening the events as they unfold. International media issue warnings to tourists to stay away, while local economies experience immediate and widespread impacts from the loss of tourism earnings, and endure many months of uncertainty before a return to anything resembling normal business operation. Tourism destinations are highly sensitive to interruption by natural disasters because tourism operations are reliant on functioning critical infrastructure, including electricity, sewage, communications and water; lifelines which are inevitably damaged and disrupted for a prolonged period following a damaging event (Ritchie 2009). Flow-on effects from disasters also include significant disruption to the supply and distribution chains of even the most prepared businesses (Lee Harrald 1999). Economic losses are attributable to a decline in damage to infrastructure (Laws et al. 2007). The interdependencies of the tourism industry have been one of its great strengths, allowing it to rapidly expand and diversify. However, natural disasters can produce immediate, cascading failures within the tourism sector that have the ability to reverberate within communities and countries for many months and years. This study highlights physical and social impacts of large magnitude earthquakes. According to Sichuans local media, reconstruction in the Sichuan tourism sector has been separated into three levels. The initial stage was trying to attract the domestic tourists to the quake hit areas, followed by focusing on local tourism enterprises to restore global tourism market. Finally reviving the entire tourism sector by or after the year 2010 and make it the leading sector in the region. This earthquake affected the potential tourists perceptions on the Sichuan tourism many still feel that the destination is not safe enough to visit. The Sichuans tourism agency has to spend a considerable budget to convince the potential tourists that the place is safe to travel and that the attractions are still as appealing as they were before the quake. Objectives of the Research Study The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential tourists perceptions towards the Sichuan tourism after the earthquake. This study has not been carried out there giving rise to the knowledge gap that needs to be filled. The findings from this research will fill this knowledge gap and add to the current literature. Findings from this study will also be very significant in identifying the determinants that can be changed to design the best strategies in order to attract more tourists and satisfy their needs. The Sichuan tourism industry is expected to improve services and develop strategies to attract potential tourists and make them feel comfortable in Sichuan. Specifically the objective of this study is to help understand the potential tourists perception towards the post-earthquake Sichuan tourism, and determine what factors are considered significant by the potential tourists wanting to travel to Sichuan. Conceptual framework Scott, N. Laws, E. (2005). Tourism crises and disasters: Enhancing understanding of system effects. Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 19, (3), pp. 151-160. The conceptual framework above articulates a set of complete values for disaster management strategies, to the benefit of tourism businesses and destination bureaus. This model follows a linear crisis procedure that is pre-event, emergency, intermediate, recovery and resolution. It goes further to provide insights for successfully assisting the tourism industry and the government in putting up disaster management strategies. Strategic implementation comprise of disaster communication and control, stakeholder collaboration and resource management. The tourism industry should learn from experiences such as the Sichuan earthquake. The work of emergency organizations as well as tourism organizations become very crucial, while that of tourism enterprises is usually less critical during pre- or post crisis periods. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Historical background of problem area Tourism in the area accounted for 8% of county gross domestic product prior to the earthquake (Lim, 2009). The earthquake cost Sichuan province US$7 billion in lost tourism revenue (Zhiling Xianyu 2009). In contrast to the consequences of the Chi-Chi earthquake, tourism to the area rebounded in less than a year as domestic visitors flocked to see areas devastated by the quake (Lim, 2009). Government investment in the tourism industry in the region hopes to cash-in on the earthquake tourism phenomenon, with work currently taking place on the construction of a number of earthquake museums in the province, and a quake-relief training centre in Beichuan (Zhiling Xianyu 2008; Lim 2009). Local officials hope to increase tourism earnings to as much as 20% of regional GDP. One local Beichuan man describes his feelings about the earthquake; the earthquake was a catastrophe, but it will be good for the tourist industry (Lim 2009). The travel motivations of domestic Chinese tourists include o bserving the power of nature, to pay their respects to the dead, and to be reminded of the frailty of life (Liu 2009). According to various online news reports, as many as 19 million tourists visited Sichuan province during the National Day celebrations this year (Global Times 2009). The business of earthquake tourism, it seems, is booming in devastated parts of the epicentral region. Tourism disaster management Tourism is a deliberate and peacetime activity, is very susceptible to disparities caused by external environments that may compromise the tourist experience (Santana, 2003). Given that perception is reality in the tourism industry, a negative image results from a catastrophe of any kind, even if inexcusable, and will hinder potential tourists and lead to negative buying behavior. Globalization exposes the tourism industry to greater political, economic, social, and technological changes (Ritchie, 2004). Meanwhile, the butterfly effect further magnifies small-scale crises in one part of the world to other parts. Examples can be found among previous events, regardless of type, such as the Wenchuan Earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale, hit western Sichuan, China in 2008, and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (Santana, 2003). The negative impact of crises on the tourism industry is more significant among destinations that are highly reliant on tourism as their major sourc e of revenue. The world has become increasingly catastrophe prone (Coombs, 1999: Richardson, 1994) and all the economic sectors are on the edge of chaos, Fink argues (1986), Researchers have provided many definitions for crisis. Faulkner (2001) contended that crises are induced by internal factors, or actions or inactions of the organizations, whereas disasters are by external forces, comprising of natural phenomena. Stafford, Yu, and Armoo (2002) further classified external factors into physical, social, and human environment. According to them natural disasters like those that earthquakes and technological failures are affiliated with crises in the former situation, and confrontations, epidemics and war are allied with crises in the latter situation. Foreign visitors satisfaction Hartman developed a customer satisfaction concept in 1993 that consists of three constructs: the cognitive, affective, and systemic (Hartman, 1993). Customer satisfaction is defined by customers post-purchase assessment of service delivered and comparison of customers expectations and the actual service experience (Hunt 2007).This concept was further refined as the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm by Oliver (2000), with four elements: pre-purchase expectations, perceived performance, disconfirmation and satisfaction. Several approaches to performance analysis in tourism satisfaction such as expectation-performance, importance-performance, disconfirmation approach, and performance-only approach have been used. In terms of travel, Moutinho (1997) notes that this post-purchase construct is primarily a function of pre-travel expectations and travel experiences. Similarly, Pizam, Neumann, and Reichel (1998) define tourist satisfaction as the results of the comparison between a tourists experience at the destination visited and the expectations about the destination. Tourism researches have been interested in measuring the overall levels of tourism satisfaction with their experiences in particular destinations as well as satisfaction with specific attributes at service encounter level such as in a hotel or at an attraction. Foster (2000) while another focus in studying tourism satisfaction is to determine satisfaction with a series of service encounters as experienced in a hotel, in a travel agency or in a tourist attraction (Macintos, 2002). Research interests in methodologies for studying tourism satisfaction have been comprehensive summarized by Kozak (2001).Tourism satisfaction with a destination has been examined as a gap analysis between pre-travel expectations and post travel experiences (Schofield, 1999). Based on the cumulative nature of tourists experiences, Scott, Tian, Wang, and Munson (2005) developed a tourism satisfaction model. Bowen and Clarke (2002) articulated a context Tourism satisfaction level can be attributed to different destination attributes including tangible produces and prices to intangible service quality and the friendliness of the local people (Ryan,1999). The deliveries of good core services alone cannot guarantee customer satisfaction, and overall satisfaction and repurchase intention are differentially influenced by the various service encounters experienced in a chain of service activities (John Tim 2000). Durocher (1994) argued that the speed of recovery depends on three factors: the extent of damage caused by the natural disaster, the efficiency with which tourism partners bring their facilities back online, and an effective marketing message that clearly states that the destination is available to the public (Durocher). Although the first two factors concern the short-term immediate response, the third involves a long-term continuous process that aims to restore consumer confidence. Conventional approaches to crisis management implicitly assume that the primary goal is to restore the precrisis equilibrium level. However, Faulkner and Vikulov (2001) argued that because of the lingering effect of a disaster, trying to achieve the precrisis equilibrium level could be a redundant (or suboptimal) approach with regard to long-term sustainability. The chaos created by a crisis can therefore lead to a creative process with potential for new configurations (Faulkner Vikulov 2001). In other words, the crisis can be an opportunity for innovation, with the launching of new marketing campaigns and development of new products through cooperation with industry partners. These new products and marketing plans should be tailor-made to attract identified key generating markets, because resources are always limited during hard times. Another important strategy is to nurture a healthy and positive relationship with the major media. From the long-term perspective, the restoration of customer confidence is the focus of post disaster recovery, and this can only be done by building a positive image of the destination (Santana, 2003). By inviting major media to visit the area affected, not only the availability of the destination is demonstrated but also the elimination of travel barriers for potential tourists.Although often associated with enjoyment, pleasure, relaxation, and safety, tourism is by nature an industry susceptible to variations in the external environment, including crises and disasters (Santana, 2003.). In times of unpredictable events, government plays an essential role in the response and recovery stages needed to minimize damage and bring life back to normal (Peterson, 1995). The reaction of government agencies and the tourism industry is a critical topic in tourism crisis management that has not ye t been fully addressed (Faulkner,2001). This study represents one of the first attempts to fill this research gap by examining the post earthquake tourists perceptions of Sichuan tourism. METHODOLOGY The study will be a qualitative research, as the qualitative methods will be more appropriate in understanding meanings and experiences relevant to the research. Quantitative methods might however be used if the need arises. Qualitative methods have however, been criticized for not having the scientific firmness. Some researchers have gone further in an attempt to provide systematic approaches to assess its quality. McInnins-Dittrich (1996), for example, identified several dimensions along with which the reliability of quality studies can be assessed: transferability, dependability, credibility, authenticity, and conformability. Guided by the above-mentioned principles, the research will recognize the importance of providing reliable, verifiable, and credible data. The research design will involve a mixed methods approach to help understand the potential tourists perception towards the post-earthquake Sichuan Tourism. To provide an in-depth interpretation of the aims, certain variables will be identified to ensure that all data is utilized successfully to reach the goals of this study, these variables include visitor characteristics, trip characteristics, satisfaction, factors that influence the visitors decision to visit a destination, and Sichuans tourism marketing image. These variables will be fundamentally developed from the examination of previous literature, and the needs for further research as expressed by Sichuan Tourism Administration. Data collection Secondary and primary data collection methods will be used in the research study. The secondary methods to be employed will include literature review, and policy and legislative analysis. Primary methods will include focus group discussions stakeholder consultations, and focused interviews with key informants, interviews with potential tourists in different regions and surveying the attitudes and beliefs across various regions. Survey Considering the questions to be answered by this research, a comprehensive social cultural instrument will be developed. Perceptions, attitudes, and opinion questionnaire (PAOQ) will be informed by literature review and the social cultural factors that are relevant to the target regions. They will also be scientifically validated before administering them across a representative sample in each target region. Using a likert scale, the PAOQ will be a self-reporting assessment of perceptions, attitudes and the opinions of the potential tourists that will be designed for both domestic and international tourists from different regions. The questionnaire will contain several sections: post earthquake perceptions, the attitudes to the Sichuan tourism, opinion on the required action to promote the tourist attractions. The researcher hopes to administer the questionnaires within group settings. Sampling method will be used for the PAOQ. The researcher aims to administer 500 questionnaires across the targeted regions. The questionnaires distribution will depend on the regions population with regions with the high population getting more questionnaires. The researcher also aims for 50-50 representation of the males and females. The key variable will include gender, education, socioeconomic status, age and rural/ urban. Data analysis The researcher will then analyze the PAOQ data using the statistics package for social sciences version 16. The given variables will be analyzed and their contribution to the topic measured. Frequencies will be used to provide the statistics and graphical displays that will be useful in describing the variables to be measured. Cross tabulation, method will also be employed to measure the association of variables. To investigate the possible gender effects, ANOVAs test will be used and conducted between the men and the women on all dependent variables. Differences between the childhood sexual abuse group and the non- childhood sexual abuse group in interpersonal, social, and dynamic personality will be examined using a one-way ANOVA test. The researcher however has the mandate to use any other data analysis technique depending on the kind of data that will be obtained from the field Summary This chapter has described the methodological approaches that will be used to investigate the main objectives of this study. Both objectives will predominantly use qualitative method but where need be the quantitative methods will be employed. It also explains how data will be collected that is through primary and secondary methods. Further describes the researchers survey. Finally, the methods and tolls of data analysis are fully explained research findings and interpretation will be discussed in the next chapter. SECTION 5: BUDGET In order to complete this research, certain amount of budget will be required and the estimate cost is as below: AMOUNT (AUD) ITEMS USD 400.00 Computer and Econometric Software 1. USD 300.00 Conference , accommodation and travel 2. USD 600.00 Data Collection , travelling cost , Stationeries and data analysis 3. USD 1300.00 TOTAL SECTION 6: TIMELINE MARC,2010-APRIL,2011 MARC,2011-APRIL,2012 MARC,2012-APRIL,2013 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 Candidature Proposal Literature Review Phase 1* Phase 2* Phase3* Thesis Write Up Final Touch UP Submission Phase1*: Data collection Phase 2*: Data Analysis Phase 3*: Thesis Starts to Write up

Janet Jackson :: essays research papers

Janet Jackson was born in Gary Indiana on May 16, 1966. She is a member of the Jackson Family musical dynasty. Her most famous family members include Jermaine, Stephen, Jackie, Tito, Marlon,and Michael whom were all part of the musical group the Jackson 5. The most famous of the brothers is Michael whom helped Janet begin her musical career. Like many of the women in show business today, Janet has been faced with many obstacles in her life. Despite all of the problems, Janet has overcome most of them and has become one of the biggest successes in the entertainment world today. During Janet’s young years she was forced to deal with difficult conditions at home. She recalls in an interview with Steve Pond in the December 1997 issue of ‘US magazine, "My father whipped me one time when I was a kid. But there was no rape or crap like that. You can begin to see how you feel less-than, not worthy, fraudulent. And that’s how I grew up feeling."(2) Despite problems with other family members Janet was always close with her mother. She said in the same interview with Steve Pond, "Mother always could feel when I wasn’t doing well, and she was incredible supportive." In Janet’s life, as well as in the lives of the other Jackson’s, there seemed to be so much pressure for success, but they all seemed to lack self-esteem. By the time she was twenty-one, Janet was breaking away from the shyness she once possessed, and stopped living in the shadows of Michael and the other Jackson family members. She produced Rhythm Nation in black and white and made this statement, "I would hope that everyone will understand that once black represents something good. That’s why we were all dressed in black†¦Black is so beautiful to me."(3) Janet decided to set a new agenda whenever she produced the Virgin Records album, titled janet. She had a reason for naming her album janet. She describes her reason in an interview by Steve Pond. She said, "I prefer ‘Janet.’ It was always my dream for no one to know that I was a Jackson. I wanted them to accept me for me and to not know anything more than that. I wanted to take my last name off the very first album I ever did."(4) When she named her album "janet" she was taking her steps in breaking away from the Jackson name she had always wanted to avoid.

Prince vs Warner Brothers: Artist feud with Label

In today society different companies go through various contracts on a day to day basis; however, it is solely up to both companies or parties to ensure that the contract upon entering is in good standing and there after remains in good binding, As in the case of Prince Vs Warner Brothers. In the beginning it seems as though the contract was acceptable for both parties, however as the discrepancies unfold, it became clear that the contract was no longer valid. This created a huge problem for both parties. It has been observed that the dispute between Prince and Warner Brothers was about money and how often albums can be released. Prince felt that the record label had too much control over his creativity. According to BET, The contract between Warner Brothers and Prince stated that Prince would receive a 10 million dollar advance with each album, however Warner Brothers reserve the right to pick which albums were released and on what time frame (BET). According to Orwall (1995), â€Å"In a nutshell: Prince has been frustrated that the company won't release his records more regularly. He produces the equivalent of three or four albums a year; the record company would rather have just one and milk it† (orwall, 1995). As a method of retaliation, Prince took action by legally changing his name to the symbol 0{+;; as such, the legally given name prince remained under the control of Warner Brothers, therefore he was branded as the artist formally known as prince. After changing his name, the artist formally known as Prince released the most beautiful girl in the world on his own record label called NPG Records, therefore ignoring his contract with Warner Brothers. The feud continued as Prince publicly defied the contract between him and Warner Brothers. As a result Warner Brothers then took legal action by taking prince to court and forcing him to release the previously recorded black album. At that time Prince was obligated to do four more albums for Warner Brothers; Prince went into his catalog of unreleased music to complete the four albums he owed Warner Brothers. All his new material that he created after he changed his name, was under his NPG record label. While he carried out his remaining obligation to Warner Brothers, at every public appearance, Prince continued to retaliate by writing the word â€Å"slave† on his cheek (Orwall, 1995). For a period of time prince did not play his own music. Benny Medina, VP of A;R for Warner Brothers at the time, believed that this was apart of his protest against the record label. â€Å"Prince was a really unique person who was not going to be very productive if he was not in a healthy place with the people he had to deal with. We got it; if you want to go, go! Lets just figure it out†, said Benny Medina in a BET documentary video (BET). In 1997 Prince ended his contract with Warner Brothers. In that same year he released his last album with the Label entitled Emancipation. In the year 2000, after the publishing contract with Warner Brothers has ended he legally changed his name back to Prince (BET). Parties Interest It has always been a tradition for record labels to own the masters of the artist sign to the roster; after all, they are the ones spending millions of dollars to promote and market, as well as distribute the artist’s music. Evidently, Prince disagreed with this notion. Prince did not like the fact that the labels were able to decide when his album should be released, and which one of his albums they are going to release. He also did not like the fact that they owned all his masters. â€Å"He had made a deal with the label, and he had been compensated incredibly well with millions upon millions of dollars,† said Michael Austin, Sr. VP of A;R for Warner Brothers (BET). Prince also did not like the fact that he had to comply with the regulations of the contract he had signed with the record label. Position of Parties During the dispute between Warner Brothers, Prince won the support of his fans as well as other artists. He had several successful tours; the musicology tour is one of the most successful tours up to date. Clearly, Prince has become an icon and he was in a position where he did not need the record label to make money. He proved that he had the ability to sale records and the ability to promote tours without the help of Warner Brothers. Warner Brothers may have played apart in his success, but as Prince’s career blossomed, he realized that Warner Brothers were no longer necessary. So his actions were attempts to end the relationship between himself and Warner Brothers. What went well?  Fortunately for Prince, the label recognized his desire to end the contract and that he was no longer going to cooperate with the company until the term of the contract has expired. As a result, Warner Brothers executives felt that it was time to put an end to this on going feud. Prince was then free from all restraints of the record label. It was until the publishing contract between Prince and Warner Brothers ended, he started performing his old songs again. What went wrong? Unfortunately Warner Brothers and Prince could not renegotiate a contract that could have a mutual benefit outcome. Prince could not own any of his masters he created during his term with Warner Brothers. As reiterated prince wanted more control of his creativity but Warner Brothers refused to give him such leverage over his work; prince then retaliated. In conclusion, a contract is only valid when both parties agree. If both parties disagree, it not only creates a conflict but also a huge problem between the individuals involved; therefore, it should be in the interest of both individual to ensure that before they enter into the contract, they must discuss all the fine prints in order to reach an amicable and mutual benefit.References http://princetext.tripod.com/i_emancipation96.html http://princetext.tripod.com/n_1995.html

Network Design The WritePass Journal

Network Design Introduction Network Design IntroductionTransport Layer SecurityHow it worksTLS Handshake ProtocolTLS Record ProtocolWhere TLS is usedHow Secure Is It?Secure ShellHow it worksBibliographyRelated Introduction I have been asked to research and compare two of the most widely used internet security protocols, Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH). In this report I shall research both protocols and then compare the two listing similarities and differences in how they operate as security protocols. I shall examine the features of both giving advantages and disadvantages, examples will be given for both security protocols and any infrastructure needs. As per instruction I will be using varied sources for my research including books, magazines and the internet, as with any report I shall reference all of my sources of information. Transport Layer Security Today the need for network security is of uppermost importance. We would all like to think that data is transmitted securely, but what if it wasn’t. Credit card crime for example would be a lot easier if there was no network security. This is one of many reasons why we need network security, and to achieve this we need protocols to secure the end to end transmission of data. An earlier protocol that was widely used in the early 1990’s this was the Secure Socket Layer protocol (SSL). SSL was developed by Netscape but had some security flaws and used a weak algorithm and did not encrypt all of the information. Three versions of SSL where developed by Netscape and after the third the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) were called in to develop an Internet standard protocol. This protocol was called the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.   The main goal was to supply a means to allow secure connections for networks including the internet.    How it works The Transport Layer Security protocol uses complex algorithms to encrypt information as it is sent over the network. The protocol comprises of two main layers the Transport Layer Security Record and the Handshake Protocol. TLS Handshake Protocol The TLS Handshake protocol is used to; in principle agree a secret between the two applications before any data is sent. This protocol works above the TLS Record protocol and sends the secrets in the order in which they have to be sent. The most important feature here is that no data is sent in securing connection, the first bit sent is a start bit to the whole process and only when secure connection achieved is data sent over the network. TLS Record Protocol The Transport Layer Security Record encrypts the data using cryptography and uses a unique key for connection which is received from the Handshake protocol. The TLS Record protocol may be used with or without encryption. The data which has been encrypted is then sent down to the Transmission Control (TCP) layer for transport. The record also adds a Message Authentication Code (MAC) to the outward data and confirms using the MAC. I have used the image below to show how this is achieved. Where TLS is used The Transport Layer Security protocol is normally used, above any of the Transport Layer protocols. So the TLS protocol operates at Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) level 4, where it joins itself to other transport layer protocols, for example Hypertext Protocol( HTTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) although its main partner is Transmission Control Protocol( TCP). Main area of use would be the internet in applications that need end to end security. This data is usually carried by HTTP and with TLS becomes HTTPS. TLS is therefore used to secure connections with e-commerce sites. VoIP also uses TLS to secure its data transmissions.† TLS and SSL are most widely recognized as the protocols that provide secure HTTP (HTTPS) for Internet transactions between Web browsers and Web servers.† (Microsoft, 2011) The Transport Layer Security protocol is also used in setting up Virtual Private Networks (VPN), where end to end security is a must but again is used alongside other protocols. How Secure Is It? Secure Shell The Secure Shell (SSH) is used for safe remote access between clients through an untrusted network. SSH is widely used software in network security. The need for such protocols is paramount in today’s technology based world. In the modern office for example employees may wish to transfer files to their home computer for completion, this would be an unwise option if it wasn’t for security protocols. A man in the middle attack could take place by listening on the network for traffic and picking up all your company secrets or personal ones. How it works The Secure Shell develops a channel for executing a shell on a remote machine. The channel has encryption at both ends of the connection. The most important aspects of SSH is that it authenticates the connection and encrypts the data it also ensures that the data sent is the data received. Bibliography TLS protocol. (2011, 03 23). Retrieved March 23, 2011, from wikipedia: http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EAP-TLS_handshake.png Microsoft. (2011, March 23). What is TLS. Retrieved March 23, 2011, from Microsoft TechNet: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc784450%28WS.10%29.aspx

Teaching English Listening Skills to ESL Classes

Teaching English Listening Skills to ESL Classes Teaching listening skills is one of the most difficult tasks for any ESL teacher. This is because successful listening skills are acquired over time and with lots of practice. Its frustrating for students because there are no rules as in grammar teaching. Speaking and writing also have very specific exercises that can lead to improved skills. This is not to say that there are not ways of improving listening skills, however, they are difficult to quantify. Student Blocking One of the largest inhibitors for students is often mental block. While listening, a student suddenly decides that he or she doesnt understand what is being said. At this point, many students just tune out or get caught up in an internal dialogue trying to translate a specific word. Some students convince themselves that they are not able to understand spoken English well and create problems for themselves. Signs that Students are Blocking Students constantly look up wordsStudents pause when speakingStudents change their eye contact away from the speaker as if they are thinking about somethingStudents write words down during conversation exercises The key to helping students improve their listening skills is to convince them that not understanding is OK. This is more of an attitude adjustment than anything else, and it is easier for some students to accept than others. Another important point that I try to teach my students (with differing amounts of success) is that they need to listen to English as often as possible, but for short periods of time. Listening Exercise Suggestion Suggest a number of shows in English on the radio, podcasts online, etc.Have students choose one of the shows based on interestAsk students to listen to the show for five minutes three times a weekKeep track of student listening to encourage them to keep up the practiceCheck with students to confirm that their listening skills are improving over time Getting in Shape I like to use this analogy: Imagine you want to get in shape. You decide to begin jogging. The very first day you go out and jog seven miles. If you are lucky, you might even be able to jog the whole seven miles. However, chances are good that you will not soon go out jogging again. Fitness trainers have taught us that we must begin with little steps. Begin jogging short distances and walk some as well, over time you can build up the distance. Using this approach, youll be much more likely to continue jogging and get fit. Students need to apply the same approach to listening skills. Encourage them to get a film, or listen to an English radio station, but not to watch an entire film or listen for two hours. Students should often listen, but they should listen for short periods - five to ten minutes. This should happen four or five times a week. Even if they dont understand anything, five to ten minutes is a minor investment. However, for this strategy to work, students must not expect improved understanding too quickly. The brain is capable of amazing things if given time, students must have the patience to wait for results. If a student continues this exercise over two to three months their listening comprehension skills will greatly improve.

World Trade Center Collapse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World Trade Center Collapse - Essay Example The boundary columns supported nearly all lateral loads, like the wind loads, and also shared the gravity loads with the core columns. In total, above the 7th floor there were 59 boundary columns along each face of the building and there were 47 heavier columns in the core. Besides, all of the elevators and stairwells were located in the core, leaving a large column-free space between the boundary that was bridged by pre-fabricated floor trusses. The tower also consisted of truss system that allowed some load redistribution between the perimeter and core columns and supported the transmission tower The towers also consisted of a "hat truss" or "outrigger truss" located between the 107th and 110th floors, which consisted of six trusses along the long axis of core and four along the short axis. It was found to play a key role in the collapse sequence (NIST 6-17, 2005). WTC towers like all modern day skyscrapers were designed in a perfet way to survive major fires. After the fire incide nce in 1975 that spread to six floors before being extinguished, fireproofing was also added to the two towers (Hamburger 2:1-40). It is said that while designing these towers, the possibility of any accedent by aircraft was also taken into consederation. John Skilling, who had been in charge of the structural design of the buildings said that an aircraft impact would cause a great deal of damage and loss of life, mainly because of the cunsequent fires, but he claiment that the structure would not collapse (Nalder n. pag). Leslie Robertson, who had also participated in the structural design of the towers, after the 9/11 attack said that the towers had in fact been designed to withstand the impact of the largest airliner such as the Boeing 707-320. According to Robertson, the modeled aircraft weighed 263,000 lb (119 metric tons) with a flight speed of 180 mph (290 km/h), as in approach and landing. However, this would have been much slower than the actual impacts of 9/11. He also said that they lacked a good understanding and did not antiocipate the effects of such large fires on the structures (Robertson n. pag). Unfortunately, the designers Skilling and Robertson and many others had not anticipated sush an event while designing the buildings. Impact of the Fire Though both the towers were cinstructed in such a mannar with fireproofing, none of us anticipated such a attack. Once the aircrafts hit the towers the light construction and hollow nature of the structures allowed the jet fuel to penetrate deep inside the towers simultanously igniting many large fires over a wide area of the impacted floors. Once the fuel from the planes burned out the contents of the buildings cought fire and burned over the next hour or hour and a half (Field 2004). Many people has suggested that the fires may not have penetrated deep into the core of the building rathere the debris and fuel would likely have remained mostly outside the buildings or concentrated in more peripheral areas away from the building cores. But in this scenario, the towers might have stood far longer, perhaps indefinitely (Gross 2004). The fires were hot enough and were responsible for weakening the columns and cause floors to sag down resulting in pulling perimeter columns

Your choice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Your choice - Research Paper Example hlairet (2009) pointed out the fact that there are quite a lot of practicing nurses who either failed to receive proper education or continuing education on end-of-life care; which clearly explains why most of them have insufficient knowledge and skills on end-of-life care. Often times, these practicing nurses are not prepared to meet the healthcare needs of terminally ill patients with dementia (Regan, Tapley, & Jolley, 2014). As a result, the quality of life of terminally ill patients and their family members is adversely affected. In relation to the nurses’ role in palliative care, this report seeks to determine the best ways to improve the nurses’ competency when managing terminally ill patients. As such, this report will seek to determine barriers that could hinder an effective end-of-life care. This report will also highlight ways on how nurses could practice effective communication such as active listening. All these are necessary to ensure that the nurses will be able to earn the patients’ trust and eventually build a stronger nurse-patient relationship. Informing the readers about the current research findings and trends in end-of-life care could help increase the ability of practicing nurse to improve the quality of life of terminally ill patients and their family members. Several studies managed to identify that lack of education (Todaro-Franceschi & Lobelo, 2014; Schlairet, 2009) or limitations in the core curriculum on issues related to end-of-life care (Hebert, Moore, & Rooney, 2011; Malloy et al., 2006) serve as a barrier behind the ability of practicing nurses to uplift the quality of life of terminally ill patients. Other than limitations in education or training, Reynolds, Drew and Dunwoody (2013) mentioned that the high cost of end-of-life care and patient or family denial can serve as a barrier to end-of-life care. Lastly, Hebert, Moore and Rooney (2011) explained that the inability of the nurses to communicate well with the patients

Reversing the Burden of Proof Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reversing the Burden of Proof - Essay Example The International Covenant on Civil, Cultural and Political Rights (ICCPR) contains iron-clad guarantees to protect the rights of the accused facing trial for a crime. Articles 9, 14 and 15 spell out these rights in great detail - from the presumption of innocence to the right against self-incrimination to the right against double jeopardy and to the famous Miranda doctrine. Closer to home, under Article 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights, an accused enjoys a presumption of innocence. (Keane, 2006) At a time when human rights advocacy for the accused has been made unpopular by the rising rate of crime and thus, there is a greater risk of possible infringement of constitutional guarantees by overzealous constables, vigilance is imperative. '...the more serious the crime and the greater the public interest in securing convictions of the guilty, the more important do constitutional protections of the accused become. The starting point of any balancing inquiry where constitutional rights are concerned must be that the public interest in ensuring that innocent people are not convicted and subjected to ignominy and heavy sentences, massively outweighs the public interest in ensuring that a particular criminal is brought to book...Hence the presumption of innocence, which serves not only to protect a particular individual on trial, but to maintain public confidence in the enduring integrity and security of the legal system'. However, there are some statutes which attach a specific burden of proof on the defendant. As stated by Cooper (2003), "neither the courts nor the legislature have been slow to impose a legal burden of proof on a defendant in a criminal case." A concrete example of a statute where the shift of the burden of proof is present is the English law on libel. The onus is on the defendant to prove the truth of the statement or communication charged to be libelous. The prosecution enjoys a presumption that the statement is false. There is much agreement among legal scholars that English law is tilted in favor of the prosecution, and there is perhaps no case that has thrown English defamation laws under scrutiny and criticism as much as the McLibel case, or the case of Steel & Morris v United Kingdom (68416/01) [2005] E.M.L.R. 15 where the multi-billion dollar food chain won on account of English laws that shifts the burden on the defendants to prove that their claims were truthful. For coming up with a pamphlet entitled What's wrong with McDonald's: Everything they don't want you to know, the defendants were found guilty because they were not able to point-by-point prove the veracity of their allegations. It was a pyrrhic victory for McDonald's, and it led to the European Convention on Human Rights ruling that British laws on libel are antiquated and unfair to the defendants. In the law of evidence, however, it is rare that the burden of proof shifts completely to the defendant. He is merely required to prove an evidence of defense that refers to one particular element of the

Festival in British Essay Example for Free

Festival in British Essay INTRODUCTION Festival is defined as a time of celebration marked by special observances. Every festival tells a message pertaining our customs, traditional values, mythology, culture and historical events. Festival usually brings happiness and glee. Thereby, it strengthens the bond of relationship and friendships. Britain is a land known of its British cultures. It inevitably celebrates a variety of festivals throughout the year. For example, British people celebrate New Year, Valentine’s Day, Easter Day, Halloween, Bonfire Night and Christmas. Each festival is celebrated with enthusiasm by British people. Everyone enjoy them especially children and family usually prepares for the festival well in advance. METHODOLOGY Questionnaire is a set of questions used for gathering information from individuals. It is well known as the easiest and simplest way in collecting information. That is why this method had been used in this project. Questions been set as the first step of creating a questionnaire. Then, few kinds of questions had beenchosen out of many types of questions. In this project, list more than one, ranking question, yes/no and multiple choices questions had been selected. After that 40 interviewees were interviewed at the street in Sheffield. The questions are mainly about how people in British celebrate festivals. RESULTS The first question is a yes/no question where interviewees where asked either they like or dislike festivals. Within 40 interviewees that been interviewed, 95% of them like festival and only 5% of them dislike festival. Interviewees had been asked how many festivals they celebrate in a year in question 2. 19 of the interviewees celebrated 10 or more festivals in a year. There are only 5 of them celebrate 1-2 festivals in a year while the remaining of interviewees celebrate 3-4 festivals.Question 3 is tick more than one question where interviewees were asked to tick festivals that they celebrated in a year. The answer choices included New Year, Valentine’s Day, Easter, Halloween day, Bonfire night and Christmas. 35 interviewees celebrate Christmas which are slightly more than New Year. Only 17 interviewees celebrate Valentine’s Day which is the fewest festivals that been celebrated by interviewees. In addition, question 4 is a ranking question.where interviewees were required to rank the festival they like the most. According to the pie chart above, it clearly showed that interviewees liked Christmas the most. However interviewees who like liked Christmas are only slightly more than New Year. Nearly one third of the interviewees dislike Valentine’s Day than other festivals.Besides, in question 5 there are more people selected spending time with friends and family and party with friends as the way to spend their days during a festival. Only minority of them said that they go for a vacation during a festival. In question 6, there are more considerably more interviewees thinks that festivals such as Valentine’s Day, Halloween and Bonfire Night should have free day than those who thinks that those festivals should not have free days. In question 7 when interviewees were asked do they know the origin or history of the following festivals: (i) Valentine’s Day (ii) Easter (iii) Halloween (iv) Bonfire Night (v) Christmas There are far more interviewees knows the origin or history of Christmas than the others festivals. Most of the interviewees do not know the origin of Easter compares to other festivals. Only five of the interviewees said they knew the origin and history of Easter. In the last question, interviewees had been asked which festival that they likely to spent the most on foods, gifts and etc, where 29 of them mentioned that they spent on Christmas the most while most interviewees voted that they spent on Easter lesser than other festivals. CONCLUSION In conclusion, British people love celebrating festivals. According to the questionnaire that been made, it is clearly showed that they love Christmas the most. This is because interviewees spent most on Christmas and most of them knew the history and origin of Christmas. From my point of view, British people love Christmas because of the long history and the tradition of Christmas that been rooted in United Kingdom for a long time.

AirAsia Customer Relationship Management

AirAsia Customer Relationship Management In todays world economy, information technology (IT) has driven fundamental changes in the nature and also the application of technologies in a business. The use of IT in its value chain provides the company a very strong strategically and tactical tools. If these tool are properly applied and used could bring great advantages in promoting and strengthening the competitive advantages. In order to gain more market share and sustain its competitive advantages to be very low cost carrier in these days high demanding environment, Air Asia tries to develop new ways of make the customers, suppliers loyal. Focus on supplier and alliances and the customer will drive positive values to Air Asia can achieve. Customer relationship management application will be one of the areas of strategic implementation that company can focus to achieve high values to both Shareholders and Customers. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) In order to long term, customer relationship should be fostered for company to maintain competitive advantage and profitability. When planning and implementing CRM application, management is recommended the following approaches: Customer segmentation-mileage- based segmentation is inadequate, rather should focused on value-based and needs-based approaches can be guide investment decision and drive greater insight into needs of high-value customer. CRM initiative development-to different from the other competitors approach e.g. installing kiosks for the fast check in. Air Asia should implement CRM program in favour of investing in initiatives with a high return, which respond to the needs and desires of their own customers. Organizational design and management-Air Asia needs to train the employees empowerment them with a complete view of the customer and clearly fluent the employees role in the CRM strategy. Advanced and classy CRM information system should include the key functions that are; Travelling Planning: Site personalization for on line customer to create travel plan, bundled services information, flights notification systems, and gate information displays etc. Reservation and Ticketing: ITA search engines, roving agent check-in, kiosks, internet check-in, and phone check in systems etc. Frequently Flyer Program: Membership based or point based rewarding scheme offering to the applicable customer. Campaign Management: Email campaigns and promotion system are used for marketing. Customer Care: Web based self services such as e-ticket booking and reservation, online baggage tracing. RFID baggage tags, internet lounge, and in air internet services. Business intelligence: Dynamic update and multidimensional reports that helps management to do analytics in various areas, such as customer profile. To justify the investment and implementation scope of the CRM program, Air Asia is recommended to look into the ROI and financial impact to the shareholder value driven by each of the CRM initiatives. By taking the steps to implement a truly consumer-centric approach to relationship management, Air Asia will be in better position to attain , develop, and hold on to high value of the clients Company wants to be the lowest short-haul airline in every market it goes, that why they are using some strategies such as Lean cost structure, different ways of promotion, keeping safety, satisfying guests and developing human resource very strongly these days. Air Asia always tries to keep their operations as simple as they can. SWOT Analysis: To figure out the internal factors such as Strengths and Weakness, and external Opportunities and Threats to business objective, a SWOT analysis of Air Asia can be conducted; Strengths: Low cost operation Fewer management level, effective, focused and aggressive management Simple proven business model that consistently distribute that the lower fares Penetrate and motivate to the potential markets And multi skilled staff means efficient and incentive workforce Single type of Air buses minimize the maintenance cost and easy for pilot dispatch Streamline Operation: making sure that the processes are as simple as possible, that customer can approach and use it with no difficulty Lean Distribution System: offering a wide and innovative rang of distribution channels to make a booking and take a step toward a travelling easy Point to point network: applying the point to point network keeps operation simple and low cost, that it connect the booking offices with call centres Partnering with the worlds most renowned maintenance provider company and complying with the airline operation in the world. Implementing the regions fastest turnaround at 25 minutes only, assuring lower cost and higher productivity Weaknesses: Due to lower costs the services possessions are limited, so someone can think that Air Asia cannot serve as well as they advertise During irregular situations the company could not handle them well with limited number of personals Government interference and regulation on airport deals and passenger compensation Non central location for secondary airports Its low cost strategy makes the brand critical for market position and development is always a challenge for Air Asias management One of the weak point is that the company trust heavily on outsourcing, it shows the Air Asia depends on other for some of their tasks and seems not good for companys repute in the customers mind New entrance to provide the price sensitive services Providing guests with the choice of modify services without compromising on quality and services. Opportunities: Long haul flights an experiment to get underdeveloped market share, which is better for the companys growth. The Air Asia can differentiate from traditional Low Cost Carrier model by adding customer services or operating as a full services airline with low fare for the haul flights. Ongoing industry consideration has opened up projection for new routes and airports deals, by making such kind of deals the company expand his business High inflation rate and also fuel prices will pinch out unprofitable competitors Threats: Keeping in view the current economic situations the full services airline cut their cost to compete. Other companies like Virgin etc may think towards Low Cost Carriers (LCCs) In the coming time the high rates of fuel decrease the yield of the company is a big threat for them Accident, terrorist attack and disaster affect customer confidence. For example on 28 July 2010 a plane crash in Pakistan and almost one month later on 24 of august 2010 there is a another plane crash in China, these kind of accident creates a doubt in the mind of customers. Due to their (Air Asia) low cost model the people may think about that there is risk involve like services and safe journey. I think this is a major threat in these days that Air Asia can face. Aviation regulation and government policy, Air Asias ongoing business in long haul flights have always threat for the changing policies of the those countries and day to day changes in the regulations of the international airport authorities Increase in operation cost in producing value added services, as Air Asia X using value added services by long haul flights so it results in increase their operation and value added cost. As Air Asia policy from the January 2002, company belief online seat reservation and also online flight schedule but a threat is always there that the system disorder can arise big problem for Air Asias online system Economical factor of Air Asia According to the profit and loss account of company it was good in 2009, weather it receive loss in 2008 due to fuel hedging and the crisis situation in Bangkok. The company bear a heavy loss upon their short and long contracts when fuel price shot through to the roof before collapsing around the end of year. On November 2008 the company abolish fuel surcharges. It is the first air line in the world to abolish fuel surcharge. As other air lines are downsize with decreasing in travel, because of global economic circumstances. In 2009 and in 2010 Air Asia expands its operations. The companies target to get around one Million customers in 2008, adding new plans and also introducing new destinations like India etc. At the end of 2009 and start of 2010 Air Asia targets get 5.1 million in 2009 that is 4.2 million up that was in 2008. The new plans were operate usefully towards new destinations like India, China etc. Current Activities: The Air Asia invited the customer to come and take part in photography competition in a sense of making journey Happy with Them(AIR ASIA), the winner of this competition will be awarded a ticket to Bangkok with accommodation and other offers such like that to get market penetration. From 2009 the company starts scholarship for students related to pilot courses this is another try to get more market penetration in term of Air Asias sales and make the customer interested in their new routes and keep the existing and as well as new customers. These Air Asia using Social security checks for buying ticket on special prices. Red Megastore. They start red megastore for online services for the purpose of make more ease for the new and little educated customers to buy Air Asias offered facilities. As we know the target customer of Air Asia is less educated, Middle class and small business mens, so this plan works very fruitful for the company. Customer Satisfaction of Air Asia: The customer satisfaction on company depends on four variables that are Safety, Service Quality, Price and Promotion; Safety: The safety factor is related to the Engine and other parts operate during flight Take a good care of the hand caries and make sure that there is better place for them without any disturbance The company have much focus on the insurance of passengers while they travel Service Quality: Good manners of attendance during flight The flight attendants are very skilled , knowledgeable and charming The Attendants must offer their services with keeping in mind of serving Price: Equality of ticket price Offer the low comparative price Promotion: Air Asia was very care while lunching promotions they should be Interesting, After a reasonable time and also good frequency of lunching promotions