Manipulative Paper Essay Example

Manipulative Paper Essay Manipulative Paper: Base Ten Blocks Base ten blocks are an exceptional learning tool for elementary and middle school students. They let students easily visualize addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division and offer an alternative way of viewing a problem and developing an answer. For the most part, base ten blocks can be extremely useful in the knowledge and skills portion of the TEKS. The number, operation, and quantitative reasoning section of the knowledge and skills portion of the TEKS offer countless lessons that could incorporate this hands on manipulative. Base ten blocks, like other manipulatives, allow students to physically use materials to conceptually learn our standard counting system. Children also grasp place value concepts more easily when they can touch and see the units. Most are made of wood, plastic, or foam and are easily accessible for teachers. Virtual manipulative sites have allowed students to work on base ten block activities from home and make learning math easier and more fun. As students reach fifth grade they begin to â€Å"use knowledge of the base-ten place value system to compose and decompose numbers in order to solve problems requiring precision, estimation, and reasonableness. By the end of grade 5, students know basic addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division facts, and are using them to work flexibly, efficiently and accurately with numbers during addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division computation† (TEKS). Base ten blocks are ideal in place value lessons. The fifth grade TEK (1) (A) includes place value to read, write, compare, and order whole numbers. We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Students can explore number meanings and their relationships while working with base ten blocks. They can use place value clues to build models of numbers and determine their value. Teachers can begin by modeling how many hundred blocks make a thousand by counting by one hundreds together. The teacher could continue by having students volunteer to share answers and explain their results. Teachers could also turn this activity into a game by including a dice. Each student would roll the dice to see which number would be the first digit that should be placed on the game board. The object would be to make the largest number possible. Once all students have written down where the first number should go, then another student would roll the dice, and so on until all the digits have been rolled. Fifth grade TEK (1) (B) says that students will use place value to read, write, compare, and order decimals through 999,999,999,999. One activity that teachers could use with base ten blocks would be to see the difference in the place value of a decimal and how it affects the number. Students would complete the problem using the base ten blocks. Another activity using base ten blocks would include students making connections between base ten numerals and the quantities they represent. They would investigate how many tens it takes to reach one hundred, and so on. Then, students count the largest pieces first and identify what would happen if they counted the ones, then the tens, and then the hundreds. Fifth grade TEK (3) (A) and (B) includes using addition, subtraction, and multiplication to solve problems involving whole numbers (no more than three digits times two digits without technology). Students can use the base ten blocks to model multiplication problems using a hundreds chart. They would begin by placing the desired number of blocks in the correct column according to the given problem. Then, they would simply read the total amount of blocks to calculate the answer. Fifth grade TEK (5) (C), use division to solve problems involving whole numbers, could use base ten blocks similar to a money form. The student could portray dividing an even amount of money (the base ten blocks) among their group members by breaking the blocks apart. This activity could also work using multiplication and allowing students to determine how much money they would have at the end of a given period by multiplying the amount of blocks placed on a place value chart. TEK (5) (4) would allow students to use the base ten blocks to estimate to determine reasonable results. Students could use the base ten blocks to build two, three, and four digit numbers. They could round the given numbers to the nearest ten, etc. The TEK (5) (14) (C) and (D) could be used for nearly every middle school grade. It includes selecting or developing an appropriate problem-solving plan or strategy and using tools such as real objects or manipulatives to solve problems. TEK (5) (15) can also be used universally as it includes explaining observations using objects, words, pictures, and numbers. In grades six through eight students begin building a foundation of basic understandings in number, operation, and quantitative reasoning while using algebraic thinking. Although students may still use base ten blocks in these grades, the TEKS do not easily align with useful lessons. Sixth grade TEK (1) (B) students are expected to generate equivalent forms of rational numbers including whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. Students could use the base ten blocks to investigate fraction and decimal equivalencies. In this lesson, the student would use base ten blocks and grid paper to determine the relationships between the fractions and decimals. They would compare and order the fractions and decimals to increase their understandings of the concepts. TEK (6) (2) (D) is similar to the lesson based on rounding in that students could use the base ten blocks to show estimation and round the approximate reasonable results where exact answers and not required. This activity could be assessed by having the student draw the blocks on a test or quiz. The primary focus at grade seven is using direct proportional relationships in number, geometry, measurement, and probability. TEK (7) (1) (B) converts between fractions, decimals, whole numbers, and percents mentally, on paper, or with a calculator. Students could model fractions, decimals, and percents by exploring various methods of representing fractions. They demonstrate situations that represent rational numbers. This lesson also relates to a previous one by allowing the student visually recognize the equivalency between fractions and decimals. TEK (7) (2) (C) uses models to add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers. In this lesson involving multiplication, students could use the base ten blocks to practice solving problems involving the multiplication of decimals. Using the base ten blocks, they try to find as many instances as possible of decimals that when multiplied give a specific answer. Students explain their solutions in writing and give justification for choosing the numbers they used to solve the problem. Using base ten blocks, or any manipulative for that matter, in the classroom can change the way a student thinks of both math and learning. When teachers give students different ways of viewing a problem a student’s mind grows in creativity and imagination. It is up to all future teachers to take the initiative to include manipulatives in the classroom for all students. Struggling students will greatly benefit from the use of manipulatives as they often require alternate ways of thinking conceptually. All manipulatives are great, and the use of them plus increasing technology will only make it easier for us to increase our teaching abilities.

Protecting our Individual Rights essays

Protecting our Individual Rights essays Individual rights are one of the cornerstones this country is based upon. In fact, individual rights are the foundation of any democracy, and certainly separate us from the misery of dictatorship, communism, and autocracy. However, while many citizens take individual rights for granted in our society, there are others who are intent on reducing individual rights in the name of "equality" and safety. Our individual rights are in jeopardy from a variety of sources, and protecting them, while still protecting society as a whole, should be foremost in the minds of all Individual rights are not a new notion. They were foremost in the minds of our forefathers who forged a new nation. Three Constitutional experts note, "As early as 1646 there arose in Massachusetts the demand for the 'enjoyment of our lives, libertys and estates, according to our due and natural rights, as freeborne subjects of the English nation'" (Barlow, Levy, and Masugi 169). This unquenchable need for freedom came from eras of oppression and tyranny in Great Britain, where only the uppermost echelons of society and business enjoyed the most prestige and privilege. Newly settled Americans hoped to forge a land where there were no class distinctions, and everyone could enjoy the same privileges and liberties. In fact, we constitutionalized these rights, which in effect meant the legislature could not simply legislate individual rights, they were guaranteed by the Constitution, and would need state approval to alter individual rights. These laws are also referred to as fundamental law, higher law, or paramount law (Barlow, Levy, and Masugi 170). Thus, law guarantees our individual rights, and as such, we sometimes take them Individual rights encompass many facets often overlooked in the struggle for individualism versus the good of the whole. Included in the basic rights we enjoy are the right to...

Corruption and Strip Searching Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corruption and Strip Searching - Assignment Example Testimony by former officer Rafael Perez played a pivotal role in highlighting such level of corruption and cops brutality. This incident has brought LAPD a lot of shame and ignominy. The collusion has shattered the model of police force. People have lost faith in it. It would take a lot of time to restructure the entire police department and rebuild the trust of people. Strip searching has evolved more and more as time as coagulated. The most highlighted place of strip searches is airports. Leading the group are the police officers from the anti narcotics department. They are more on the look out as carrying drugs is a serious offense. The strip searches is one of the way to catch an offender red handed. In a way it is right. Every country has certain rules and regulations and one has to abide by them. It's the culture that cannot be ignored. Dubai is one such city which is known for carrying out such strip searches. It has very strict norms to prevent to prevent the entry of drugs on its soil. But at times people have been victimised under strip searches. One such victim shared her grief "I was forced down to strip to get rid of my nipple ring which could be ignored after looking in the metal detector". The Victim has registered a case against the police official for mental and physical trauma inflicted upon her under the hood of investigation.

Research Topics in Insurance Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Topics in Insurance - Research Paper Example At the same time, it can also cover those who are bellow this specified age, but have special needs- the disabled or those suffering from the end stage renal disease. Under this scheme, one is eligible to be covered for the hospital bills under the umbrella of category ‘A’ at the same time, one can enjoy insurance coverage under part ‘B’ or be covered for the prescription of drugs under the scheme’s part ‘B’ This scheme however differs from the Medicaid programme because it mainly focuses on the elderly people at the age of 65 years and above. On the other hand, the Medicaid programme is open to any person in any age group. Similarly, the Medicare scheme solely relies on the federal government for funds while the Medicaid does not entirely depend on the federal government for funding. Part of its budget is footed by the respective semi- autonomous state governments. Medicaid insurance on the other hand relies on the federal government to offer health coverage or to provide home nursing for a specified category of people in the United States of America (US General Accountability Office, 2000). Such categories of people eligible for coverage under this noble programme are the low income earning people in the American society. They include the children, parents of eligible children, the elderly, pregnant women and the disabled who may be in a dire need for home nursing. Ideally, this programme was designed to help the categories of people to afford medical bills under the Medicaid programme, an eligible person is entitled to be wholly or partly be assisted to settle their medical bills. Generally, there are two distinct types of Medicaid- Community Medicaid and the Medicaid nursing. Community Medicaid in its part was designed to assist people who a little or no medical insurance schemes at all. However, medical nursing home scheme on the other hand, is meant for

FILM APPRECIATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

FILM APPRECIATION - Essay Example The very facets that are used to rule society are a reflection of that dominant society’s social views and behaviors. What are ruling ideas and how do they coincide with ideology? Ruling ideas like individualism, honor, competitiveness, and duality mirror the idealized perceptions of the current dominant class in any given time period. This is important because it reveals the power that that class holds over society, thus enabling a governing body to manipulate them. Marx’s definition of ideology is the idea that can be used to manipulate society. Why does Marx and Engel focus on the bourgeois class? The bourgeois class holds power, which is a subsidiary of wealth, education and exposure to a variety of elements in the real world. Their ideas are key over the lower class because they are the ones who directly or indirectly shape society the most. What is â€Å"Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses†? An essay written by Louis Althusser that depicts ideology a s a fortifying notion that encourages people to succumb to a state of oppression through their invented identify of themselves vs. who they are in reality based on â€Å"experience, consciousness, and subjectivity† (2). ... A school established in Frankfurt, Germany in 1923 whose theorists construed that cultural artifacts maintained the connection between mass culture and its realistic view on life in an industrial society. How does Walter Benjamin’s believes differ from Marx and Althusser? How has film supported his viewpoint? Benjamin says that mass culture has the ability to judge itself and they will if given the proper tools. Film creates flash images, or a rush of pictures that equate to self-analysis like reflections in sports by fans (Frankfurt 4). More members of society have access to film over high art and film makes it easier to analyze societal behavior. How is ideology applied to films like Rambo? Labels and stereotypes that ideology envelops in specific cultures can be mimicked or imitated in films. For example, Rambo (although fictional) portrays society’s real issues of sexism, racism and militarism. It acts like a mirror, like a checklist. The film represents the listed problems of society by portraying women as whores and a black man as â€Å"evil† because he combats Rambo (Reading 2-3). This is what ideology is, a reflection of the mass culture in reality. Psychoanalysis http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Independent-Film-Road- Movies/Psychoanalysis.html 10 Questions What is psychoanalysis and who founded it? Psychoanalysis is a term coined by Sigmund Freud and Josef Breuer that refers to the study of the unconscious part of the human mind. If the unconscious exists then that correlates with the fact that humans are restricted in their self-awareness. People are not in complete control of their thoughts and emotions. Dreaming is a product of the unconscious mind, but how does it relate to psychoanalysis? In what text did it first

Sichuan Province Earthquake Effects On Tourism Tourism Essay

Sichuan Province Earthquake Effects On Tourism Tourism Essay Sichuan province is located in the Sichuans plateau in the inland of Southwest China; it is commonly referred to as the land of abundance. It has an enormous territory and rich in resources and is one of the most ethnically diverse areas in China. This province has several historic and cultural sites and other natural and manmade tourist attraction sites. The attraction sites and the famous Sichuan cuisine normally characterized by hot flavor, and incomparable beauty make the province a wonderland that attracts millions of tourists from all over the world. Sichuan is also a major industrial region in China; the province has both heavy and light industries. Plans were underway of developing this region into a high tech industrial centre. A massive earthquake, the famous Wenchuan Earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale, hit western Sichuan, China in 2008. According to official figures, released 65,185 people were confirmed dead. Over 68,636 of them were from Sichuan province, approximately 374,171 of others were reported injured and scores of others missing. Millions of people were left homeless and a lot of private and public property destroyed, the economic loss incurred was approximated to be over  ¥ 1,000 billion. The earthquake extremely affected all economic sectors in the quake-hit areas and tourism was no exception. Study of the impacts of the quake on tourism enhances the hypothesis of tourism and more significantly serving as the basis for planning and policymaking. Problem statement The earthquake is believed to have killed 54 tourists in Sichuan province. During the period, over ten thousand tourists were stranded and over 30 flights and 300 vehicles used to evacuate them. The tourist industry lost over $ 7.24 billion in the earthquake. With regard to the contribution of tourism to the regions economy, there have been major reconstruction efforts after the earthquake. Destructive catastrophes, such as the Boxing Day tsunami in the Indian Ocean (2004), Hurricane Katrina (2005), the Wenchuan Earthquake (2008), the Samoan tsunami (2009), and the Haiti earthquake (2010) have lately put the limelight on natural disasters, with real time TV footage screening the events as they unfold. International media issue warnings to tourists to stay away, while local economies experience immediate and widespread impacts from the loss of tourism earnings, and endure many months of uncertainty before a return to anything resembling normal business operation. Tourism destinations are highly sensitive to interruption by natural disasters because tourism operations are reliant on functioning critical infrastructure, including electricity, sewage, communications and water; lifelines which are inevitably damaged and disrupted for a prolonged period following a damaging event (Ritchie 2009). Flow-on effects from disasters also include significant disruption to the supply and distribution chains of even the most prepared businesses (Lee Harrald 1999). Economic losses are attributable to a decline in damage to infrastructure (Laws et al. 2007). The interdependencies of the tourism industry have been one of its great strengths, allowing it to rapidly expand and diversify. However, natural disasters can produce immediate, cascading failures within the tourism sector that have the ability to reverberate within communities and countries for many months and years. This study highlights physical and social impacts of large magnitude earthquakes. According to Sichuans local media, reconstruction in the Sichuan tourism sector has been separated into three levels. The initial stage was trying to attract the domestic tourists to the quake hit areas, followed by focusing on local tourism enterprises to restore global tourism market. Finally reviving the entire tourism sector by or after the year 2010 and make it the leading sector in the region. This earthquake affected the potential tourists perceptions on the Sichuan tourism many still feel that the destination is not safe enough to visit. The Sichuans tourism agency has to spend a considerable budget to convince the potential tourists that the place is safe to travel and that the attractions are still as appealing as they were before the quake. Objectives of the Research Study The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential tourists perceptions towards the Sichuan tourism after the earthquake. This study has not been carried out there giving rise to the knowledge gap that needs to be filled. The findings from this research will fill this knowledge gap and add to the current literature. Findings from this study will also be very significant in identifying the determinants that can be changed to design the best strategies in order to attract more tourists and satisfy their needs. The Sichuan tourism industry is expected to improve services and develop strategies to attract potential tourists and make them feel comfortable in Sichuan. Specifically the objective of this study is to help understand the potential tourists perception towards the post-earthquake Sichuan tourism, and determine what factors are considered significant by the potential tourists wanting to travel to Sichuan. Conceptual framework Scott, N. Laws, E. (2005). Tourism crises and disasters: Enhancing understanding of system effects. Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 19, (3), pp. 151-160. The conceptual framework above articulates a set of complete values for disaster management strategies, to the benefit of tourism businesses and destination bureaus. This model follows a linear crisis procedure that is pre-event, emergency, intermediate, recovery and resolution. It goes further to provide insights for successfully assisting the tourism industry and the government in putting up disaster management strategies. Strategic implementation comprise of disaster communication and control, stakeholder collaboration and resource management. The tourism industry should learn from experiences such as the Sichuan earthquake. The work of emergency organizations as well as tourism organizations become very crucial, while that of tourism enterprises is usually less critical during pre- or post crisis periods. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Historical background of problem area Tourism in the area accounted for 8% of county gross domestic product prior to the earthquake (Lim, 2009). The earthquake cost Sichuan province US$7 billion in lost tourism revenue (Zhiling Xianyu 2009). In contrast to the consequences of the Chi-Chi earthquake, tourism to the area rebounded in less than a year as domestic visitors flocked to see areas devastated by the quake (Lim, 2009). Government investment in the tourism industry in the region hopes to cash-in on the earthquake tourism phenomenon, with work currently taking place on the construction of a number of earthquake museums in the province, and a quake-relief training centre in Beichuan (Zhiling Xianyu 2008; Lim 2009). Local officials hope to increase tourism earnings to as much as 20% of regional GDP. One local Beichuan man describes his feelings about the earthquake; the earthquake was a catastrophe, but it will be good for the tourist industry (Lim 2009). The travel motivations of domestic Chinese tourists include o bserving the power of nature, to pay their respects to the dead, and to be reminded of the frailty of life (Liu 2009). According to various online news reports, as many as 19 million tourists visited Sichuan province during the National Day celebrations this year (Global Times 2009). The business of earthquake tourism, it seems, is booming in devastated parts of the epicentral region. Tourism disaster management Tourism is a deliberate and peacetime activity, is very susceptible to disparities caused by external environments that may compromise the tourist experience (Santana, 2003). Given that perception is reality in the tourism industry, a negative image results from a catastrophe of any kind, even if inexcusable, and will hinder potential tourists and lead to negative buying behavior. Globalization exposes the tourism industry to greater political, economic, social, and technological changes (Ritchie, 2004). Meanwhile, the butterfly effect further magnifies small-scale crises in one part of the world to other parts. Examples can be found among previous events, regardless of type, such as the Wenchuan Earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale, hit western Sichuan, China in 2008, and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (Santana, 2003). The negative impact of crises on the tourism industry is more significant among destinations that are highly reliant on tourism as their major sourc e of revenue. The world has become increasingly catastrophe prone (Coombs, 1999: Richardson, 1994) and all the economic sectors are on the edge of chaos, Fink argues (1986), Researchers have provided many definitions for crisis. Faulkner (2001) contended that crises are induced by internal factors, or actions or inactions of the organizations, whereas disasters are by external forces, comprising of natural phenomena. Stafford, Yu, and Armoo (2002) further classified external factors into physical, social, and human environment. According to them natural disasters like those that earthquakes and technological failures are affiliated with crises in the former situation, and confrontations, epidemics and war are allied with crises in the latter situation. Foreign visitors satisfaction Hartman developed a customer satisfaction concept in 1993 that consists of three constructs: the cognitive, affective, and systemic (Hartman, 1993). Customer satisfaction is defined by customers post-purchase assessment of service delivered and comparison of customers expectations and the actual service experience (Hunt 2007).This concept was further refined as the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm by Oliver (2000), with four elements: pre-purchase expectations, perceived performance, disconfirmation and satisfaction. Several approaches to performance analysis in tourism satisfaction such as expectation-performance, importance-performance, disconfirmation approach, and performance-only approach have been used. In terms of travel, Moutinho (1997) notes that this post-purchase construct is primarily a function of pre-travel expectations and travel experiences. Similarly, Pizam, Neumann, and Reichel (1998) define tourist satisfaction as the results of the comparison between a tourists experience at the destination visited and the expectations about the destination. Tourism researches have been interested in measuring the overall levels of tourism satisfaction with their experiences in particular destinations as well as satisfaction with specific attributes at service encounter level such as in a hotel or at an attraction. Foster (2000) while another focus in studying tourism satisfaction is to determine satisfaction with a series of service encounters as experienced in a hotel, in a travel agency or in a tourist attraction (Macintos, 2002). Research interests in methodologies for studying tourism satisfaction have been comprehensive summarized by Kozak (2001).Tourism satisfaction with a destination has been examined as a gap analysis between pre-travel expectations and post travel experiences (Schofield, 1999). Based on the cumulative nature of tourists experiences, Scott, Tian, Wang, and Munson (2005) developed a tourism satisfaction model. Bowen and Clarke (2002) articulated a context Tourism satisfaction level can be attributed to different destination attributes including tangible produces and prices to intangible service quality and the friendliness of the local people (Ryan,1999). The deliveries of good core services alone cannot guarantee customer satisfaction, and overall satisfaction and repurchase intention are differentially influenced by the various service encounters experienced in a chain of service activities (John Tim 2000). Durocher (1994) argued that the speed of recovery depends on three factors: the extent of damage caused by the natural disaster, the efficiency with which tourism partners bring their facilities back online, and an effective marketing message that clearly states that the destination is available to the public (Durocher). Although the first two factors concern the short-term immediate response, the third involves a long-term continuous process that aims to restore consumer confidence. Conventional approaches to crisis management implicitly assume that the primary goal is to restore the precrisis equilibrium level. However, Faulkner and Vikulov (2001) argued that because of the lingering effect of a disaster, trying to achieve the precrisis equilibrium level could be a redundant (or suboptimal) approach with regard to long-term sustainability. The chaos created by a crisis can therefore lead to a creative process with potential for new configurations (Faulkner Vikulov 2001). In other words, the crisis can be an opportunity for innovation, with the launching of new marketing campaigns and development of new products through cooperation with industry partners. These new products and marketing plans should be tailor-made to attract identified key generating markets, because resources are always limited during hard times. Another important strategy is to nurture a healthy and positive relationship with the major media. From the long-term perspective, the restoration of customer confidence is the focus of post disaster recovery, and this can only be done by building a positive image of the destination (Santana, 2003). By inviting major media to visit the area affected, not only the availability of the destination is demonstrated but also the elimination of travel barriers for potential tourists.Although often associated with enjoyment, pleasure, relaxation, and safety, tourism is by nature an industry susceptible to variations in the external environment, including crises and disasters (Santana, 2003.). In times of unpredictable events, government plays an essential role in the response and recovery stages needed to minimize damage and bring life back to normal (Peterson, 1995). The reaction of government agencies and the tourism industry is a critical topic in tourism crisis management that has not ye t been fully addressed (Faulkner,2001). This study represents one of the first attempts to fill this research gap by examining the post earthquake tourists perceptions of Sichuan tourism. METHODOLOGY The study will be a qualitative research, as the qualitative methods will be more appropriate in understanding meanings and experiences relevant to the research. Quantitative methods might however be used if the need arises. Qualitative methods have however, been criticized for not having the scientific firmness. Some researchers have gone further in an attempt to provide systematic approaches to assess its quality. McInnins-Dittrich (1996), for example, identified several dimensions along with which the reliability of quality studies can be assessed: transferability, dependability, credibility, authenticity, and conformability. Guided by the above-mentioned principles, the research will recognize the importance of providing reliable, verifiable, and credible data. The research design will involve a mixed methods approach to help understand the potential tourists perception towards the post-earthquake Sichuan Tourism. To provide an in-depth interpretation of the aims, certain variables will be identified to ensure that all data is utilized successfully to reach the goals of this study, these variables include visitor characteristics, trip characteristics, satisfaction, factors that influence the visitors decision to visit a destination, and Sichuans tourism marketing image. These variables will be fundamentally developed from the examination of previous literature, and the needs for further research as expressed by Sichuan Tourism Administration. Data collection Secondary and primary data collection methods will be used in the research study. The secondary methods to be employed will include literature review, and policy and legislative analysis. Primary methods will include focus group discussions stakeholder consultations, and focused interviews with key informants, interviews with potential tourists in different regions and surveying the attitudes and beliefs across various regions. Survey Considering the questions to be answered by this research, a comprehensive social cultural instrument will be developed. Perceptions, attitudes, and opinion questionnaire (PAOQ) will be informed by literature review and the social cultural factors that are relevant to the target regions. They will also be scientifically validated before administering them across a representative sample in each target region. Using a likert scale, the PAOQ will be a self-reporting assessment of perceptions, attitudes and the opinions of the potential tourists that will be designed for both domestic and international tourists from different regions. The questionnaire will contain several sections: post earthquake perceptions, the attitudes to the Sichuan tourism, opinion on the required action to promote the tourist attractions. The researcher hopes to administer the questionnaires within group settings. Sampling method will be used for the PAOQ. The researcher aims to administer 500 questionnaires across the targeted regions. The questionnaires distribution will depend on the regions population with regions with the high population getting more questionnaires. The researcher also aims for 50-50 representation of the males and females. The key variable will include gender, education, socioeconomic status, age and rural/ urban. Data analysis The researcher will then analyze the PAOQ data using the statistics package for social sciences version 16. The given variables will be analyzed and their contribution to the topic measured. Frequencies will be used to provide the statistics and graphical displays that will be useful in describing the variables to be measured. Cross tabulation, method will also be employed to measure the association of variables. To investigate the possible gender effects, ANOVAs test will be used and conducted between the men and the women on all dependent variables. Differences between the childhood sexual abuse group and the non- childhood sexual abuse group in interpersonal, social, and dynamic personality will be examined using a one-way ANOVA test. The researcher however has the mandate to use any other data analysis technique depending on the kind of data that will be obtained from the field Summary This chapter has described the methodological approaches that will be used to investigate the main objectives of this study. Both objectives will predominantly use qualitative method but where need be the quantitative methods will be employed. It also explains how data will be collected that is through primary and secondary methods. Further describes the researchers survey. Finally, the methods and tolls of data analysis are fully explained research findings and interpretation will be discussed in the next chapter. SECTION 5: BUDGET In order to complete this research, certain amount of budget will be required and the estimate cost is as below: AMOUNT (AUD) ITEMS USD 400.00 Computer and Econometric Software 1. USD 300.00 Conference , accommodation and travel 2. USD 600.00 Data Collection , travelling cost , Stationeries and data analysis 3. USD 1300.00 TOTAL SECTION 6: TIMELINE MARC,2010-APRIL,2011 MARC,2011-APRIL,2012 MARC,2012-APRIL,2013 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 QTR1 QTR2 QTR3 QTR4 Candidature Proposal Literature Review Phase 1* Phase 2* Phase3* Thesis Write Up Final Touch UP Submission Phase1*: Data collection Phase 2*: Data Analysis Phase 3*: Thesis Starts to Write up

Janet Jackson :: essays research papers

Janet Jackson was born in Gary Indiana on May 16, 1966. She is a member of the Jackson Family musical dynasty. Her most famous family members include Jermaine, Stephen, Jackie, Tito, Marlon,and Michael whom were all part of the musical group the Jackson 5. The most famous of the brothers is Michael whom helped Janet begin her musical career. Like many of the women in show business today, Janet has been faced with many obstacles in her life. Despite all of the problems, Janet has overcome most of them and has become one of the biggest successes in the entertainment world today. During Janet’s young years she was forced to deal with difficult conditions at home. She recalls in an interview with Steve Pond in the December 1997 issue of ‘US magazine, "My father whipped me one time when I was a kid. But there was no rape or crap like that. You can begin to see how you feel less-than, not worthy, fraudulent. And that’s how I grew up feeling."(2) Despite problems with other family members Janet was always close with her mother. She said in the same interview with Steve Pond, "Mother always could feel when I wasn’t doing well, and she was incredible supportive." In Janet’s life, as well as in the lives of the other Jackson’s, there seemed to be so much pressure for success, but they all seemed to lack self-esteem. By the time she was twenty-one, Janet was breaking away from the shyness she once possessed, and stopped living in the shadows of Michael and the other Jackson family members. She produced Rhythm Nation in black and white and made this statement, "I would hope that everyone will understand that once black represents something good. That’s why we were all dressed in black†¦Black is so beautiful to me."(3) Janet decided to set a new agenda whenever she produced the Virgin Records album, titled janet. She had a reason for naming her album janet. She describes her reason in an interview by Steve Pond. She said, "I prefer ‘Janet.’ It was always my dream for no one to know that I was a Jackson. I wanted them to accept me for me and to not know anything more than that. I wanted to take my last name off the very first album I ever did."(4) When she named her album "janet" she was taking her steps in breaking away from the Jackson name she had always wanted to avoid.

Prince vs Warner Brothers: Artist feud with Label

In today society different companies go through various contracts on a day to day basis; however, it is solely up to both companies or parties to ensure that the contract upon entering is in good standing and there after remains in good binding, As in the case of Prince Vs Warner Brothers. In the beginning it seems as though the contract was acceptable for both parties, however as the discrepancies unfold, it became clear that the contract was no longer valid. This created a huge problem for both parties. It has been observed that the dispute between Prince and Warner Brothers was about money and how often albums can be released. Prince felt that the record label had too much control over his creativity. According to BET, The contract between Warner Brothers and Prince stated that Prince would receive a 10 million dollar advance with each album, however Warner Brothers reserve the right to pick which albums were released and on what time frame (BET). According to Orwall (1995), â€Å"In a nutshell: Prince has been frustrated that the company won't release his records more regularly. He produces the equivalent of three or four albums a year; the record company would rather have just one and milk it† (orwall, 1995). As a method of retaliation, Prince took action by legally changing his name to the symbol 0{+;; as such, the legally given name prince remained under the control of Warner Brothers, therefore he was branded as the artist formally known as prince. After changing his name, the artist formally known as Prince released the most beautiful girl in the world on his own record label called NPG Records, therefore ignoring his contract with Warner Brothers. The feud continued as Prince publicly defied the contract between him and Warner Brothers. As a result Warner Brothers then took legal action by taking prince to court and forcing him to release the previously recorded black album. At that time Prince was obligated to do four more albums for Warner Brothers; Prince went into his catalog of unreleased music to complete the four albums he owed Warner Brothers. All his new material that he created after he changed his name, was under his NPG record label. While he carried out his remaining obligation to Warner Brothers, at every public appearance, Prince continued to retaliate by writing the word â€Å"slave† on his cheek (Orwall, 1995). For a period of time prince did not play his own music. Benny Medina, VP of A;R for Warner Brothers at the time, believed that this was apart of his protest against the record label. â€Å"Prince was a really unique person who was not going to be very productive if he was not in a healthy place with the people he had to deal with. We got it; if you want to go, go! Lets just figure it out†, said Benny Medina in a BET documentary video (BET). In 1997 Prince ended his contract with Warner Brothers. In that same year he released his last album with the Label entitled Emancipation. In the year 2000, after the publishing contract with Warner Brothers has ended he legally changed his name back to Prince (BET). Parties Interest It has always been a tradition for record labels to own the masters of the artist sign to the roster; after all, they are the ones spending millions of dollars to promote and market, as well as distribute the artist’s music. Evidently, Prince disagreed with this notion. Prince did not like the fact that the labels were able to decide when his album should be released, and which one of his albums they are going to release. He also did not like the fact that they owned all his masters. â€Å"He had made a deal with the label, and he had been compensated incredibly well with millions upon millions of dollars,† said Michael Austin, Sr. VP of A;R for Warner Brothers (BET). Prince also did not like the fact that he had to comply with the regulations of the contract he had signed with the record label. Position of Parties During the dispute between Warner Brothers, Prince won the support of his fans as well as other artists. He had several successful tours; the musicology tour is one of the most successful tours up to date. Clearly, Prince has become an icon and he was in a position where he did not need the record label to make money. He proved that he had the ability to sale records and the ability to promote tours without the help of Warner Brothers. Warner Brothers may have played apart in his success, but as Prince’s career blossomed, he realized that Warner Brothers were no longer necessary. So his actions were attempts to end the relationship between himself and Warner Brothers. What went well?  Fortunately for Prince, the label recognized his desire to end the contract and that he was no longer going to cooperate with the company until the term of the contract has expired. As a result, Warner Brothers executives felt that it was time to put an end to this on going feud. Prince was then free from all restraints of the record label. It was until the publishing contract between Prince and Warner Brothers ended, he started performing his old songs again. What went wrong? Unfortunately Warner Brothers and Prince could not renegotiate a contract that could have a mutual benefit outcome. Prince could not own any of his masters he created during his term with Warner Brothers. As reiterated prince wanted more control of his creativity but Warner Brothers refused to give him such leverage over his work; prince then retaliated. In conclusion, a contract is only valid when both parties agree. If both parties disagree, it not only creates a conflict but also a huge problem between the individuals involved; therefore, it should be in the interest of both individual to ensure that before they enter into the contract, they must discuss all the fine prints in order to reach an amicable and mutual benefit.References http://princetext.tripod.com/i_emancipation96.html http://princetext.tripod.com/n_1995.html

Network Design The WritePass Journal

Network Design Introduction Network Design IntroductionTransport Layer SecurityHow it worksTLS Handshake ProtocolTLS Record ProtocolWhere TLS is usedHow Secure Is It?Secure ShellHow it worksBibliographyRelated Introduction I have been asked to research and compare two of the most widely used internet security protocols, Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH). In this report I shall research both protocols and then compare the two listing similarities and differences in how they operate as security protocols. I shall examine the features of both giving advantages and disadvantages, examples will be given for both security protocols and any infrastructure needs. As per instruction I will be using varied sources for my research including books, magazines and the internet, as with any report I shall reference all of my sources of information. Transport Layer Security Today the need for network security is of uppermost importance. We would all like to think that data is transmitted securely, but what if it wasn’t. Credit card crime for example would be a lot easier if there was no network security. This is one of many reasons why we need network security, and to achieve this we need protocols to secure the end to end transmission of data. An earlier protocol that was widely used in the early 1990’s this was the Secure Socket Layer protocol (SSL). SSL was developed by Netscape but had some security flaws and used a weak algorithm and did not encrypt all of the information. Three versions of SSL where developed by Netscape and after the third the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) were called in to develop an Internet standard protocol. This protocol was called the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.   The main goal was to supply a means to allow secure connections for networks including the internet.    How it works The Transport Layer Security protocol uses complex algorithms to encrypt information as it is sent over the network. The protocol comprises of two main layers the Transport Layer Security Record and the Handshake Protocol. TLS Handshake Protocol The TLS Handshake protocol is used to; in principle agree a secret between the two applications before any data is sent. This protocol works above the TLS Record protocol and sends the secrets in the order in which they have to be sent. The most important feature here is that no data is sent in securing connection, the first bit sent is a start bit to the whole process and only when secure connection achieved is data sent over the network. TLS Record Protocol The Transport Layer Security Record encrypts the data using cryptography and uses a unique key for connection which is received from the Handshake protocol. The TLS Record protocol may be used with or without encryption. The data which has been encrypted is then sent down to the Transmission Control (TCP) layer for transport. The record also adds a Message Authentication Code (MAC) to the outward data and confirms using the MAC. I have used the image below to show how this is achieved. Where TLS is used The Transport Layer Security protocol is normally used, above any of the Transport Layer protocols. So the TLS protocol operates at Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) level 4, where it joins itself to other transport layer protocols, for example Hypertext Protocol( HTTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) although its main partner is Transmission Control Protocol( TCP). Main area of use would be the internet in applications that need end to end security. This data is usually carried by HTTP and with TLS becomes HTTPS. TLS is therefore used to secure connections with e-commerce sites. VoIP also uses TLS to secure its data transmissions.† TLS and SSL are most widely recognized as the protocols that provide secure HTTP (HTTPS) for Internet transactions between Web browsers and Web servers.† (Microsoft, 2011) The Transport Layer Security protocol is also used in setting up Virtual Private Networks (VPN), where end to end security is a must but again is used alongside other protocols. How Secure Is It? Secure Shell The Secure Shell (SSH) is used for safe remote access between clients through an untrusted network. SSH is widely used software in network security. The need for such protocols is paramount in today’s technology based world. In the modern office for example employees may wish to transfer files to their home computer for completion, this would be an unwise option if it wasn’t for security protocols. A man in the middle attack could take place by listening on the network for traffic and picking up all your company secrets or personal ones. How it works The Secure Shell develops a channel for executing a shell on a remote machine. The channel has encryption at both ends of the connection. The most important aspects of SSH is that it authenticates the connection and encrypts the data it also ensures that the data sent is the data received. Bibliography TLS protocol. (2011, 03 23). Retrieved March 23, 2011, from wikipedia: http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EAP-TLS_handshake.png Microsoft. (2011, March 23). What is TLS. Retrieved March 23, 2011, from Microsoft TechNet: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc784450%28WS.10%29.aspx

Teaching English Listening Skills to ESL Classes

Teaching English Listening Skills to ESL Classes Teaching listening skills is one of the most difficult tasks for any ESL teacher. This is because successful listening skills are acquired over time and with lots of practice. Its frustrating for students because there are no rules as in grammar teaching. Speaking and writing also have very specific exercises that can lead to improved skills. This is not to say that there are not ways of improving listening skills, however, they are difficult to quantify. Student Blocking One of the largest inhibitors for students is often mental block. While listening, a student suddenly decides that he or she doesnt understand what is being said. At this point, many students just tune out or get caught up in an internal dialogue trying to translate a specific word. Some students convince themselves that they are not able to understand spoken English well and create problems for themselves. Signs that Students are Blocking Students constantly look up wordsStudents pause when speakingStudents change their eye contact away from the speaker as if they are thinking about somethingStudents write words down during conversation exercises The key to helping students improve their listening skills is to convince them that not understanding is OK. This is more of an attitude adjustment than anything else, and it is easier for some students to accept than others. Another important point that I try to teach my students (with differing amounts of success) is that they need to listen to English as often as possible, but for short periods of time. Listening Exercise Suggestion Suggest a number of shows in English on the radio, podcasts online, etc.Have students choose one of the shows based on interestAsk students to listen to the show for five minutes three times a weekKeep track of student listening to encourage them to keep up the practiceCheck with students to confirm that their listening skills are improving over time Getting in Shape I like to use this analogy: Imagine you want to get in shape. You decide to begin jogging. The very first day you go out and jog seven miles. If you are lucky, you might even be able to jog the whole seven miles. However, chances are good that you will not soon go out jogging again. Fitness trainers have taught us that we must begin with little steps. Begin jogging short distances and walk some as well, over time you can build up the distance. Using this approach, youll be much more likely to continue jogging and get fit. Students need to apply the same approach to listening skills. Encourage them to get a film, or listen to an English radio station, but not to watch an entire film or listen for two hours. Students should often listen, but they should listen for short periods - five to ten minutes. This should happen four or five times a week. Even if they dont understand anything, five to ten minutes is a minor investment. However, for this strategy to work, students must not expect improved understanding too quickly. The brain is capable of amazing things if given time, students must have the patience to wait for results. If a student continues this exercise over two to three months their listening comprehension skills will greatly improve.

World Trade Center Collapse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World Trade Center Collapse - Essay Example The boundary columns supported nearly all lateral loads, like the wind loads, and also shared the gravity loads with the core columns. In total, above the 7th floor there were 59 boundary columns along each face of the building and there were 47 heavier columns in the core. Besides, all of the elevators and stairwells were located in the core, leaving a large column-free space between the boundary that was bridged by pre-fabricated floor trusses. The tower also consisted of truss system that allowed some load redistribution between the perimeter and core columns and supported the transmission tower The towers also consisted of a "hat truss" or "outrigger truss" located between the 107th and 110th floors, which consisted of six trusses along the long axis of core and four along the short axis. It was found to play a key role in the collapse sequence (NIST 6-17, 2005). WTC towers like all modern day skyscrapers were designed in a perfet way to survive major fires. After the fire incide nce in 1975 that spread to six floors before being extinguished, fireproofing was also added to the two towers (Hamburger 2:1-40). It is said that while designing these towers, the possibility of any accedent by aircraft was also taken into consederation. John Skilling, who had been in charge of the structural design of the buildings said that an aircraft impact would cause a great deal of damage and loss of life, mainly because of the cunsequent fires, but he claiment that the structure would not collapse (Nalder n. pag). Leslie Robertson, who had also participated in the structural design of the towers, after the 9/11 attack said that the towers had in fact been designed to withstand the impact of the largest airliner such as the Boeing 707-320. According to Robertson, the modeled aircraft weighed 263,000 lb (119 metric tons) with a flight speed of 180 mph (290 km/h), as in approach and landing. However, this would have been much slower than the actual impacts of 9/11. He also said that they lacked a good understanding and did not antiocipate the effects of such large fires on the structures (Robertson n. pag). Unfortunately, the designers Skilling and Robertson and many others had not anticipated sush an event while designing the buildings. Impact of the Fire Though both the towers were cinstructed in such a mannar with fireproofing, none of us anticipated such a attack. Once the aircrafts hit the towers the light construction and hollow nature of the structures allowed the jet fuel to penetrate deep inside the towers simultanously igniting many large fires over a wide area of the impacted floors. Once the fuel from the planes burned out the contents of the buildings cought fire and burned over the next hour or hour and a half (Field 2004). Many people has suggested that the fires may not have penetrated deep into the core of the building rathere the debris and fuel would likely have remained mostly outside the buildings or concentrated in more peripheral areas away from the building cores. But in this scenario, the towers might have stood far longer, perhaps indefinitely (Gross 2004). The fires were hot enough and were responsible for weakening the columns and cause floors to sag down resulting in pulling perimeter columns

Your choice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Your choice - Research Paper Example hlairet (2009) pointed out the fact that there are quite a lot of practicing nurses who either failed to receive proper education or continuing education on end-of-life care; which clearly explains why most of them have insufficient knowledge and skills on end-of-life care. Often times, these practicing nurses are not prepared to meet the healthcare needs of terminally ill patients with dementia (Regan, Tapley, & Jolley, 2014). As a result, the quality of life of terminally ill patients and their family members is adversely affected. In relation to the nurses’ role in palliative care, this report seeks to determine the best ways to improve the nurses’ competency when managing terminally ill patients. As such, this report will seek to determine barriers that could hinder an effective end-of-life care. This report will also highlight ways on how nurses could practice effective communication such as active listening. All these are necessary to ensure that the nurses will be able to earn the patients’ trust and eventually build a stronger nurse-patient relationship. Informing the readers about the current research findings and trends in end-of-life care could help increase the ability of practicing nurse to improve the quality of life of terminally ill patients and their family members. Several studies managed to identify that lack of education (Todaro-Franceschi & Lobelo, 2014; Schlairet, 2009) or limitations in the core curriculum on issues related to end-of-life care (Hebert, Moore, & Rooney, 2011; Malloy et al., 2006) serve as a barrier behind the ability of practicing nurses to uplift the quality of life of terminally ill patients. Other than limitations in education or training, Reynolds, Drew and Dunwoody (2013) mentioned that the high cost of end-of-life care and patient or family denial can serve as a barrier to end-of-life care. Lastly, Hebert, Moore and Rooney (2011) explained that the inability of the nurses to communicate well with the patients